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- Title
Serum Vitamin B12 Levels in Patients of Ischaemic Stroke: A Cross-Sectional Study.
- Authors
Preeti; Saini, R. P.; Ambedkar, S. N.; Saluja, Samita
- Abstract
Background: Ischaemic stroke is the most common cerebrovascular disease and is one of the leading causes of death and long-term disability in the world. Vitamin B12 (B12) deficiency, by virtue of causing hyperhomocysteinaemia may be implicated as an acquired risk factor of ischaemic stroke, which is also easily modifiable. There is a scarcity of data from India regarding the prevalence of B12 deficiency and hence the correlation with ischaemic stroke patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between serum vitamin B12 levels and ischaemic stroke, including folic acid and homocysteine levels. Material and methods: The study was a matched case-control study. 50 cases of ischaemic stroke were compared with an equal number of age and gender matched controls. Serum vitamin B12, folate and homocysteine levels were analysed as continuous data (Student’s t test) as well as categorical data (Chi square test) using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0. Correlation of serum B12, folate and homocysteine in ischaemic stroke was studied using Pearson’s co-efficient. Results: Mean levels of vitamin B12, folic acid and homocysteine in cases were 187.25 pg/mL, 7.95 ng/mL and 31.12 µmol/L respectively while in controls it was 463.84 pg/mL, 13.42 ng/mL and 6.63 µmol/L respectively and the differences were statistically significant, pvalue < 0.001. There was a negative correlation of vitamin B12 (-0.424) and folic acid (-0.355) levels and positive correlation of homocysteine (0.304) with ischaemic stroke. Conclusions: Vitamin B12 and folic acid deficiency and hyperhomocysteinaemia appear to be important risk factors for cerebrovascular accidents. It is therefore important to assess vitamin B12 folate and homocysteine levels in all cases of cerebrovascular accidents.
- Subjects
HOMOCYSTEINE; VITAMIN B12; CEREBROVASCULAR disease; FOLIC acid deficiency; SAMPLE size (Statistics); CONFIDENCE intervals; ISCHEMIC stroke; AGE distribution; CASE-control method; QUANTITATIVE research; MANN Whitney U Test; FISHER exact test; RISK assessment; COMPARATIVE studies; SEX distribution; PEARSON correlation (Statistics); T-test (Statistics); QUALITATIVE research; CHI-squared test; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; FOLIC acid; DATA analysis software; LOGISTIC regression analysis; VITAMIN B12 deficiency; HYPERHOMOCYSTEINEMIA; DISEASE risk factors; DISEASE complications
- Publication
Journal of the Indian Academy of Clinical Medicine, 2023, Vol 24, Issue 3/4, p188
- ISSN
0972-3560
- Publication type
Article