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- Title
Impact of dietary intake, education, and physical activity on bone mineral density among North Indian women.
- Authors
Kumar, Ashok; Mittal, Soniya; Orito, Seiya; Ishitani, Ken; Ohta, Hiroaki
- Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the relationship of dietary nutrients and bone mineral density (BMD) in North Indian women. This cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2006 to March 2008. Subjects included 255 healthy women, aged 20-69 years, who were relatives of patients being admitted in the hospital. Various demographic characteristics including socioeconomic status and serum parameters in relationship to BMD were evaluated. In addition, the daily dietary intake of energy, protein, fat, and calcium and the amount of physical activity were assessed. BMD at the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and Ward's triangle was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Body mass index (BMI), physical activity, and educational level were positively correlated with BMD. The daily intakes of energy (1563.4 +/- 267.2 kcal) and protein (48.7 +/- 8.7 g) were below the recommended dietary allowance. Daily dietary energy, protein, and calcium intakes were correlated with BMD at the lumbar spine. Stepwise multiple linear regression analyses showed that age, BMI, and physical activity were significant predictors for BMD at all sites. In addition, energy intake was also a predictor for BMD at the lumbar spine. The protein intake was associated with BMD at the spine (P = 0.02 and beta = 0.163) even after making adjustments for energy intake. Thus, dietary pattern coupled with higher education levels and greater physical activity favored bone health.
- Subjects
INDIA; BONE density; BONE growth; SERUM; BLOOD plasma; SPINE; PHYSICAL activity; OSTEOPOROSIS; OSTEOPOROSIS prevention; CALCIUM; COMPARATIVE studies; DIET; FAT content of food; INGESTION; RESEARCH methodology; MEDICAL cooperation; MOTOR ability; DIETARY proteins; RESEARCH; STATISTICS; EVALUATION research; EDUCATIONAL attainment; BODY mass index; CROSS-sectional method; PHOTON absorptiometry
- Publication
Journal of Bone & Mineral Metabolism, 2010, Vol 28, Issue 2, p192
- ISSN
0914-8779
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.1007/s00774-009-0118-y