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- Title
A VITAMINA D NO TRATAMENTO E NO PROGNÓSTICO DE DOENÇAS AUTOIMUNES.
- Authors
PROCOPIO KLADIWA, AXEL JUNIO; GONÇALVER PEREIRA, BRUNO ADAS; SAPORI MOREIRA, FREDERICO BERNARDO; JUNQUEIRA NETO, LUIZ ROBERTO OLIVEIRA; SILVA BARROSO, MARCELO HENRIQUE; DE OLIVEIRA NETA, NADIR ALVES; DE OLIVEIRA, RAISSA LOPES; DE SÁ, RAPHAELA FREIRE; LIMA, TIAGO KER E.; FERREIRA DE AQUINO, VICTOR AMARAL; ROCHA, KARINNE NANCY SENA; ARANTES, TALYSSA JUNQUEIRA; DE SOUSA GUIMARÂES, BERNARDO CARNEIRO
- Abstract
The production of vitamin D in humans is in the skin during exposure to sunlight, although the diet provide through 20%. Vitamin D is essential for calcium homeostasis, phosphate metabolism and bone health. The vitamin D receptor and vitamin D activating enzymes are expressed in various tissues, and the active vitamin D metabolite, 1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D [1.25 (OH) 2D3], is considered a potent immune modulator, influencing innate and adaptive immune responses. Ultraviolet irradiation and the mechanism of conversion to vitamin D plays a role in local and systemic immune responses to reduce the severity of some inflammatory and immunological diseases, such as psoriasis, multiple sclerosis, asthma, type I diabetes mellitus, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis and antiphospholipid syndrome, modulating adaptive immune cell functions. The expression of the vitamin D receptor in immune cells highlighted an interesting role in immunity, since vitamin D has a local immunological effect via intracellular vitamin D receptors, known to be present in monocytes, macrophages, T cells, B cells, cells killers and dendritic cells. Have been well characterized the immunomodulatory effects of vitamin D and its analogs in dendritic cells, which are known to stimulate lymphocytes through the presentation of antigens. The destruction of auto-tissue through adaptive immune responses could be by vitamin D, avoid autoimmune diseases. The natural immune system modulates the regulation of CD4 + T cell differentiation and activity, resulting in a more balanced Th1 and Th2 response. In addition, to limiting the development of self-reactive T cells, preventing inflammation and autoimmunity. The parallel growing increase in the worldwide incidence of vitamin D. The deficiency in all age groups, as children and adolescents, raises some questions about the putative involvement of vitamin D deficiency in the pathophysiology of autoimmune diseases, making nutritional strategies to increase vitamin intake D essential to combat the epidemiological trend, especially in regions where exposure to the sun is limited by individuals' latitude or lifestyle.
- Publication
Brazilian Journal of Surgery & Clinical Research, 2020, Vol 32, Issue 2, p79
- ISSN
2317-4404
- Publication type
Article