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- Title
Hospitalisations due to respiratory syncytial virus infection in children with Down syndrome before and after palivizumab recommendation in Japan.
- Authors
Okamoto, Keisuke; Morio, Tomohiro; Nakamura, Yoshikazu; Hataya, Hiroshi; Mizuta, Koichi; Mori, Masaaki
- Abstract
<bold>Aim: </bold>Down syndrome has been considered an independent risk factor for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. Palivizumab, an anti-RSV humanised monoclonal antibody, was currently approved for all children with Down syndrome in Japan. To investigate the change in RSV-associated hospitalisation (RSVH) rates before and after the universal approval of palivizumab in Japan in 2013, we conducted a nationwide retrospective survey.<bold>Methods: </bold>We conducted a nationwide, retrospective, questionnaire survey across paediatric institutions in Japan. The recruited children with Down syndrome were divided into two groups: those born April 2010 to March 2013 (2010-2012 cohort) and those born April 2013 to March 2016 (2013-2015 cohort).<bold>Results: </bold>Of the 664 institutions, 321 (48.3%) replied, and a total of 3929 children with Down syndrome were registered. The percentage of children who received palivizumab increased from 49.2% to 82.2%. The cumulative RSVH rate showed a decreased trend in the 2013-2015 cohort (OR, 0.83; 95%CI, 0.63-1.10), while the rate of these children (without CHD and born at a gestational age ≥ 36 weeks) was significantly decreased in the 2013-2015 cohort (OR, 0.56; 95%CI, 0.34-0.92).<bold>Conclusion: </bold>The cumulative RSVH rate tended to be decreased after approval for all children with Down syndrome although the result was not significant.
- Subjects
JAPAN; RESPIRATORY syncytial virus infections; DOWN syndrome; PALIVIZUMAB; SYNDROMES in children; RESPIRATORY syncytial virus
- Publication
Acta Paediatrica, 2021, Vol 110, Issue 4, p1299
- ISSN
0803-5253
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.1111/apa.15641