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- Title
Clinical characteristics and immune profile alterations in vaccinated individuals with breakthrough Delta SARS-CoV-2 infections.
- Authors
Fan, Qinghong; Shi, Jingrong; Yang, Yanhong; Tang, Guofang; Jiang, Mengling; Li, Jiaojiao; Tang, Jingyan; Li, Lu; Wen, Xueliang; Zhang, Lieguang; Deng, Xizi; Wang, Yaping; Lan, Yun; Li, Liya; Peng, Ping; Tong, Yuwei; Lu, Huan; Yan, Lili; Liu, Ying; Cai, Shuijiang
- Abstract
Despite timely immunization programs, and efficacious vaccines conveying protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection, breakthrough infections in vaccinated individuals have been reported. The Delta variant of concern (VOC) outbreak in Guangzhou resulted in local transmission in vaccinated and non-vaccinated residents, providing a unique opportunity to study the protective effects of the inactivated vaccines in breakthrough infection. Here, we find that the 2-dose vaccinated group has similar peak viral titers and comparable speeds of viral RNA clearance to the non-vaccinated group but accelerated viral suppression in the middle course of the disease. We quantitatively demonstrate that peak viral pneumonia is significantly mitigated in the 2-dose vaccine group (median 0.298%) compared with the non-vaccinated (5.77%) and 1-dose vaccine (3.34%) groups. Pneumonia absorbance is approximately 6 days ahead in the 2-dose group (median 10 days) than in the non-vaccinated group (16 days) (p = 0.003). We also observe reduced cytokine inflammation and markedly undisturbed gene transcription profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in the 2-dose group. In short, our study demonstrates that prior vaccination substantially restrains pneumonia development, reduces cytokine storms, and facilitates clinical recovery. SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections in vaccinated individuals are a public health concern. Here, the authors analyse the clinical characteristics and profile immune alterations among vaccinated and non-vaccinated residents with Delta SARS-CoV-2 infection in Guangzhou.
- Subjects
GUANGZHOU (China); SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant; BREAKTHROUGH infections; MONONUCLEAR leukocytes; VACCINATION; SARS-CoV-2
- Publication
Nature Communications, 2022, Vol 12, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
2041-1723
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1038/s41467-022-31693-7