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- Title
O father where art thou? Paternity analyses in a natural population of the haploid-diploid seaweed Chondrus crispus.
- Authors
Krueger-Hadfield, S. A.; Roze, D.; Correa, J. A.; Destombe, C.; Valero, M.
- Abstract
The link between life history traits and mating systems in diploid organisms has been extensively addressed in th e literature, whereas the degree of selfing and/or inbreeding in natural populations of h ap loid-diploid organisms, in which haploid gametophytes alternate with diploid sporophytes, has been rarely measured. Dioecy has often been used as a proxy for the mating system in these organisms. Yet, dioecy does not prevent the fusion of gametes from male and fem ale gametophytes originating from th e same sporophyte. This is likely a common occurrence when spores from th e same parent are dispersed in clumps and recruit together. This pattern of clumped spore dispersal has been hypothesized to explain significant heterozygote deficiency in the dioecious haplo id-d iploid seaweed Chondrus crispus. Fronds and cystocarps (structures in which zygotes are mitotically am plified) were sampled in two 25 m2 plots located within a high and a low intertidal zone and genotyped at 5 polymorphic microsatellite loci in order to explore the mating system directly using paternity analyses. Mu ltip le males sired cystocarps on each fem ale, but only one of the 423 paternal genotypes corresponded to a field-sampled gametophyte. Nevertheless, larger kinship coefficients were detected between males siring cystocarps on th e same fem a le in comparison with males in the entire population, confirming restricted spermatial and clumped spore dispersal. Such dispersal mechanisms may be a mode of reproductive assurance due to nonmotile gametes associated with putatively reduced effects of inbreeding depression because of th e free-living haploid stage in C. crispus.
- Subjects
CHONDRUS crispus; MARINE algae; HAPLOIDY; DIPLOIDY; GENOTYPES; SEXUAL cycle; GAMETES
- Publication
Heredity, 2015, Vol 114, Issue 2, p185
- ISSN
0018-067X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1038/hdy.2014.82