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- Title
Evaluation of the current state and perspective of wastewater treatment and reuse in Qatar.
- Authors
Manawi, Yehia; Fard, Ahmad Kayvani; Hussien, Muataz A.; Benamor, Abdelbaki; Kochkodan, Victor
- Abstract
In Qatar, many freshwater resources have already been depleted due to the overconsumption as a result of the population and economic growth. Moreover, due to the lack of sufficient sewage treatment infrastructure, Qatar is facing a daily problem in treating the wastewater. Dumping untreated sewage effluents (SE) contaminates groundwater resources and worsens the current water status in the country. On the other hand, treated SE (TSE), which is estimated at about 0.75 million m³/d, could be one of the main sources of fresh water which can be used in agriculture and industry and even as a source of drinking water in Qatar. Qatar uses only about 27% of TSE in growing fodder (25 million m³ /y) and landscape irrigation (1 million m3 /y) while about 73% of the total TSE is discharged to septic lagoons to dry or percolate into groundwater (70 million m³ /y) and runoff (0.5 million m³ /y). Qatar can better utilize its TSE in several applications by further treating the produced TSE. In this paper, a review on the current state and a perspective into the wastewater treatment and reuse in Qatar is presented. Moreover, the main aspects, which should be considered while making a decision on reusing the treated SE in Qatar, are also addressed.
- Subjects
QATAR; WASTEWATER treatment; SEWAGE; FRESH water; WATER currents; DRINKING water
- Publication
Desalination & Water Treatment, 2017, Vol 71, p1
- ISSN
1944-3994
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.5004/dwt.2017.20174