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- Title
Black carbon emissions from Russian diesel sources: case study of Murmansk.
- Authors
Evans, M.; Kholod, N.; Malyshev, V.; Tretyakova, S.; Gusev, E.; Yu, S.; Barinov, A.
- Abstract
Black carbon (BC) is a potent pollutant because of its effects on climate change, ecosystems and human health. Black carbon has a particularly pronounced impact as a climate forcer in the Arctic because of its effect on snow albedo and cloud forma-5 tion. We have estimated BC emissions from diesel sources in Murmansk Region and Murmansk City, the largest city in the world above the Arctic Circle. In this study we developed a detailed inventory of diesel sources including on-road vehicles, off-road transport (mining, locomotives, construction and agriculture), fishing and diesel generators. For on-road transport, we conducted several surveys to understand the vehicle 10 fleet and driving patterns, and, for all sources, we also relied on publicly available local data sets and analysis. We calculated that BC emission in Murmansk Region were 0.40 Gg in 2012. The mining industry is the largest source of BC emissions in the region, emitting 70% of all BC emissions because of its large diesel consumption and absence of emissions controls. On-road vehicles are the second largest source emit15 ting about 12% of emissions. Old heavy duty trucks are the major source of emissions. Emission controls on new vehicles limit total emissions from on-road transportation. Vehicle traffic and fleet surveys show that many of the older cars on the registry are lightly or never used. We also estimated that total BC emissions from diesel sources in Russia were 56.7Gg in 2010, and on-road transport contributed 55% of diesel BC 20 emissions. Agricultural machinery is also a significant source Russia-wide, in part because of the lack of controls on off-road vehicles.
- Subjects
MURMANSK (Russia); SOOT; DIESEL automobile emissions; AIR pollutants; CLIMATE change; GLOBAL warming
- Publication
Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics Discussions, 2015, Vol 15, Issue 3, p3257
- ISSN
1680-7367
- Publication type
Case Study
- DOI
10.5194/acpd-15-3257-2015