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- Title
Photodynamic therapy induces caspase-3 activation in HL-60 cells.
- Authors
Granville, David J; Levy, Julia G; Hunt, David WC
- Abstract
Caspases have been shown to play a crucial role in apoptosis induced by various deleterious and physiologic stimuli. In this study, we show for the first time that photodynamic therapy (PDT), using benzoporphyrin derivative monoacid ring A (BPD-MA, verteporfin) as the photosensitizer, induces the complete cleavage and subsequent activation of caspase-3 (CPP32/Yama/Apopain) but not caspase-1 (ICE) in human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and the catalytic subunit of DNA dependent protein kinase (DNA PKcs) were cleaved within 60 min of light activation of BPD-MA. The general caspase inhibitor Z-Asp-2,6 dichlorobenzoyloxymethylketone (Z-Asp-DCB) blocked PARP cleavage while the serine protease inhibitors 3,4-dichloroisocoumarin (DCl) and N-tosyl-lysyl chloromethyl ketone (TLCK) blocked the cleavage of caspase-3 suggesting that they act upstream of caspase-3 activation. All three inhibitors were able to block DNA fragmentation that was induced by treatment with BPD-MA followed by light application. These studies demonstrate that protease activity, particularly that of caspase-3, is triggered in HL60 cells treated with lethal levels of BPD-MA and visible light.
- Subjects
PHOTOCHEMOTHERAPY; APOPTOSIS
- Publication
Cell Death & Differentiation, 1997, Vol 4, Issue 7, p623
- ISSN
1350-9047
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1038/sj.cdd.4400286