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- Title
Clinical findings in the chronic phase of traumatic brain injury: data from 12 years' experience in the cognitive neurology outpatient clinic at the University of Leipzig [corrected] [published erratum appears in DTSCH ARZTEBL INT 2010 Apr 23;107(16):294].
- Authors
Scheid R; von Cramon DY
- Abstract
Background: There are many unresolved issues in the diagnosis and treatment of persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI) in its post-acute and chronic phases. This article deals with two problems of clinical importance: (i) the interrelationships between structural brain damage, brain function, and clinical outcome, and (ii) post-traumatic epilepsy. Methods: Exploratory, retrospective analysis of clinical, neuroradiological (MRI), and neuropsychological data of all patients with TBI who were treated in a cognitive neurology outpatient clinic of a German university hospital over a period of 12 years (n=320). Results: 156 patients (48.8%) had brain contusions, 83 of them (25.9%) as the sole neuroradiological abnormality. Traumatic micro-hem orrhages were seen in 148 patients (46.2%) and were the sole neuroradiological abnormality in 79 of them (24.7%). 49 patients (15.3%) had no structural brain lesion. There was no obvious correla tion between the neuroradiological findings and the clinical outcome, as measured either by a general outcome parameter such as the extended Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOSE) or by neuropsychological testing. 47 patients (14.7%) had post-traumatic epilepsy; its occurrence was positively correlated with the presence of brain contusions, but not with an isolated diagnosis of diffuse axonal injury (DAI). Conclusion: A comparison of the findings of neuroradiological studies and neuropsychological tests among patients in the chronic phase of traumatic brain injury does not reveal any simple relationship between structural and functional brain abnormalities. Diffuse axonal injury is often present in combination with other findings, and it may well be the only structural abnormality in many cases; therefore, all symptomatic patients should undergo MRI of the brain. Patients with isolated DAI seem to be less prone to post-traumatic epilepsy than those with brain contusions.
- Publication
Deutsches Ärzteblatt International, 2010, Vol 107, Issue 12, p199
- ISSN
1866-0452
- Publication type
Journal Article
- DOI
10.3238/arztebl.2010.0199