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- Title
Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell sheets transplanted subcutaneously enhance cell retention and survival more than dissociated stem cell injections.
- Authors
Nakao, Mitsuyoshi; Matsui, Makoto; Kim, Kyungsook; Nishiyama, Nobuhiro; Grainger, David W.; Okano, Teruo; Kanazawa, Hideko; Nagase, Kenichi
- Abstract
Background: Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell (hUC-MSC) sheets have recently attracted attention as an alternative approach to injected cell suspensions for stem cell therapy. However, cell engraftment and cytokine expression levels between hUC-MSC sheets and their cell suspensions in vivo have not yet been compared. This study compares hUC-MSC in vivo engraftment efficacy and cytokine expression for both hUC-MSC sheets and cell suspensions. Methods: hUC-MSC sheets were prepared using temperature-responsive cell culture; two types of hUC-MSC suspensions were prepared, either by enzymatic treatment (trypsin) or by enzyme-free temperature reduction using temperature-responsive cell cultureware. hUC-MSC sheets and suspensions were transplanted subcutaneously into ICR mice through subcutaneous surgical placement and intravenous injection, respectively. hUC-MSC sheet engraftment after subcutaneous surgical transplantation was investigated by in vivo imaging while intravenously injected cell suspensions were analyzing using in vitro organ imaging. Cytokine levels in both transplant site tissues and blood were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: After subcutaneous transplant, hUC-MSC sheets exhibited longer engraftment duration than hUC-MSC suspensions. This was attributed to extracellular matrix (ECM) and cell–cell junctions retained in sheets but enzymatically altered in suspensions. hUC-MSC suspensions harvested using enzyme-free temperature reduction exhibited relatively long engraftment duration after intravenous injection compared to suspensions prepared using trypsin, as enzyme-free harvest preserved cellular ECM. High HGF and TGF-β1 levels were observed in sheet-transplanted sites compared to hUC-MSC suspension sites. However, no differences in human cytokine levels in murine blood were detected, indicating that hUC-MSC sheets might exert local paracrine rather than endocrine effects. Conclusions: hUC-MSC sheet transplantation could be a more effective cell therapeutic approach due to enhanced engraftment and secretion of therapeutic cytokines over injected hUC-MSC suspensions.
- Subjects
CELL sheets (Biology); MESENCHYMAL stem cells; STEM cell transplantation; STEM cells; CELL survival; CELL suspensions
- Publication
Stem Cell Research & Therapy, 2023, Vol 14, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
1757-6512
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1186/s13287-023-03593-0