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- Title
Sulfate-reducing anammox for sulfate and nitrogen containing wastewaters.
- Authors
Rikmann, E.; Zekker, I.; Tomingas, M.; Tenno, T.; Loorits, L.; Vabamäe, P.; Mandel, A.; Raudkivi, M.; Daija, L.; Kroon, K.
- Abstract
In a moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) at moderate temperature of 20°C sulfate reduction along with ammonium oxidation were established. In an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (UASBR), the same process took place at 36°C. Sulfate-reducing ammonium oxidation (SRAO) was performed using reject water as a substrate for micro-organisms and a source of, withbeing added as an electron acceptor. Bacterial strains belonging to the phylumPlanctomycetaleswere detected from the biofilm of the MBBR; from the UASBR species representing phylumVerrucomicrobiawere found. Average volumetric TN removal rates were 0.03 kg-N/m3/d in the MBBR and 0.04 kg-N/m3/d in the UASBR.concentrations exceeding 1000 mg/l had an inhibiting effect on the SRAO process. The stoichiometric ratio ofremoval was significantly higher than that expected from the extent ofreduction. This phenomenon can primarily be attributed to complex interactions between nitrogen and sulfur compounds and organic matter present in the wastewater. Addition of hydrazine and hydroxylamine up to 12.5 mg/l had a positive effect on SRAO process performance, particularly in the UASBR. Hydrazine was naturally present in the reaction medium, indicating occurrence of the anammox process.
- Subjects
MOVING bed reactors; BIOFILMS; UPFLOW anaerobic sludge blanket reactors; BIOLOGICAL treatment of water; SULFATE-reducing bacteria
- Publication
Desalination & Water Treatment, 2016, Vol 57, Issue 7, p3132
- ISSN
1944-3994
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1080/19443994.2014.984339