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- Title
Post-settlement abundance, condition, and survival in a climate-stressed population of Pacific cod.
- Authors
Abookire, Alisa A.; Litzow, Michael A.; Malick, Michael J.; Laurel, Benjamin J.
- Abstract
The Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) fishery recently collapsed in the Gulf of Alaska after a series of marine heatwaves that began in 2014. To gauge the likelihood of population recovery following these extreme warming events, we investigate potential thermal stress on age-0 cohorts through a comprehensive analysis of juvenile cod abundance, condition, growth, and survival data collected from 15 years of beach seine surveys. Abundance was strongly negatively related to ocean temperature during the egg and larval phase (winter–spring), but age-0 cod were larger in the early summer following warm winter–spring temperatures. Body condition indices suggest that warm summers may improve energetic reserves prior to the first winter; however, there was no summer temperature effect on post-settlement growth or survival. Spatial differences in abundance, condition, or growth were not detected, and density-dependent effects were either weak or positive. While the positive effects of increased summer temperatures on juvenile condition may benefit overwintering survival, they cannot compensate for high pre-settlement mortality from warming winter–spring temperatures. We conclude the critical thermal bottleneck for juvenile abundance occurs pre-settlement.
- Subjects
GULF of Alaska (Alaska); THERMAL stresses; OCEAN temperature; TEMPERATURE effect; HEAT waves (Meteorology); SURVIVAL analysis (Biometry); WINTER
- Publication
Canadian Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences, 2022, Vol 79, Issue 6, p958
- ISSN
0706-652X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1139/cjfas-2021-0224