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- Title
Unexpected findings of hepatitis B and delta infection in northeastern Brazil: A public health alert.
- Authors
Costa Nunes, Jomar Diogo; da Silva, Diego Luz Felipe; Barros Fonseca, Lena Maria; Almeida Felipe, Ilana Mirian; Ferreira, Beatriz Rossetti; de Carvalho Santana, Rodrigo; de Lourdes Candolo Martinelli, Ana; da Silva, Antônio Augusto Moura; Pinho, João Renato Rebello; Gouvêa, Michele Soares Gomes; Cruz Santos, Max Diego; Moreira Lima, Thais Feres; de Campos Albuquerque, Ingrid; Souza, Marinilde Teles; Diniz Moraes, Maria Josélia; de Jesus Mendes Caldas, Arlene; Souza, Letícia Alana Barros; de Mello e. Silva, Camila Maria Pinheiro; de Souza Paiva Ferreira, Adalgisa
- Abstract
Introduction and objectives: Research has shown that hepatitis B (HBV) and Delta virus (HDV) are a worldwide public health problem. This study aims to estimate the prevalence rates of HBV and HDV infection in five municipalities of Maranhão, Northeastern Brazil. Materials and methods: A total sample between 3856 and 4000 individuals. Questionnaires were used to register sociodemographic characteristics and factors associated with transmission. Patients were tested for hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg), anti-hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc), and antibodies against hepatitis Delta virus (anti-HDV). Factors associated with HBV were detected by means of multivariate Poisson regression. Results: Overall, 3983 subjects were included. Ninety-two of the participants were HBsAg-positive (2.30%, 95% CI 1.80--2.80), and anti-HBc was detected in 1535 (38.50%, 95% CI 37--40). The factors associated with the presence of anti-HBc were: (1) Municipality (P < 0.001); Age (P < 0.001); School education (P < 0.001); Illicit drug use (P = 0.001); non-HBV vaccine (P = 0.041). Among the HBsAg carriers, eight were anti-HDVpositive (8.69%, 95% CI 2.90--14.40). The most frequent HBV genotype was D4. The only HDV genotype was HDV-8. Conclusion: HBV exhibited intermediate endemicity in the studied region. Traditional factors were associated with exposure to the virus. The presence of the HDV was confirmed. The most frequent HBV and HDV genotypes were unlike the ones currently described in Brazil.
- Subjects
BRAZIL; SAO Luis do Maranhao (Brazil); HEPATITIS associated antigen; HEPATITIS B; HEPATITIS D virus; DRUG abuse; HEPATITIS B virus
- Publication
Annals of Hepatology: Official Journal of the Mexican Association of Hepatology, 2021, Vol 22, p1
- ISSN
1665-2681
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1016/j.aohep.2020.09.016