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- Title
Production of biologically active human thioredoxin 1 protein in lettuce chloroplasts.
- Authors
Lim, Soon; Ashida, Hiroki; Watanabe, Rie; Inai, Koji; Kim, Yun-Soo; Mukougawa, Keiko; Fukuda, Hirokazu; Tomizawa, Ken-ichi; Ushiyama, Kei-ichi; Asao, Hiroshi; Tamoi, Masahiro; Masutani, Hiroshi; Shigeoka, Shigeru; Yodoi, Junji; Yokota, Akiho
- Abstract
The production of human therapeutic proteins in plants provides opportunities for low-cost production, and minimizes the risk of contamination from potential human pathogens. Chloroplast genetic engineering is a particularly promising strategy, because plant chloroplasts can produce large amounts of foreign target proteins. Oxidative stress is a key factor in various human diseases. Human thioredoxin 1 (hTrx1) is a stress-induced protein that functions as an antioxidant against oxidative stress, and overexpression of hTrx1 has been shown to suppress various diseases in mice. Therefore, hTrx1 is a prospective candidate as a new human therapeutic protein. We created transplastomic lettuce expressing hTrx1 under the control of the psbA promoter. Transplastomic plants grew normally and were fertile. The hTrx1 protein accumulated to approximately 1% of total soluble protein in mature leaves. The hTrx1 protein purified from lettuce leaves was functionally active, and reduced insulin disulfides. The purified protein protected mouse insulinoma line 6 cells from damage by hydrogen peroxide, as reported previously for a recombinant hTrx1 expressed in Escherichia coli. This is the first report of expression of the biologically active hTrx1 protein in plant chloroplasts. This research opens up possibilities for plant-based production of hTrx1. Considering that this expression host is an edible crop plant, this transplastomic lettuce may be suitable for oral delivery of hTrx1.
- Subjects
THIOREDOXIN; BIOACTIVE compounds; LETTUCE; PLANT proteins; CHLOROPLAST DNA; MICROBIAL contamination; PLANT genetic engineering
- Publication
Plant Molecular Biology, 2011, Vol 76, Issue 3-5, p335
- ISSN
0167-4412
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s11103-011-9745-5