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- Title
Dirvožemio terminis režimas Lietuvoje.
- Authors
Mačiulytė, Viktorija; Rimkus, Egidijus
- Abstract
Soil is one of the main surface components, which interacts with atmosphere, biosphere and hydrosphere. The main goal of this research is to analyze the soil temperature regime and relations with air temperature and soil frost parameters in Lithuania. The measurement results of soil temperature on the surface and at 0.2, 0.8, 1.6 and 3.2 m depths in 17 Lithuanian meteorological stations were used in this study. Mean seasonal soil temperature fluctuations, longterm trends (1961--2010), soil temperature connections with air temperature, maximum frost depth and duration were analyzed. The average annual soil surface temperature was equal to 7.9 °C and in deeper layers (0.2, 0.8, 1.6 and 3.2 m deep) to 8.3 °C in Lithuania in 1981--2010. Soil surface, 0.2 and 0.8 m depth temperature had a greater correlation with the air temperature of the same month, while in deeper layers soil temperature fluctuations were delayed relative to the surface: by one month at 1.6 m and by 2--4 months at 3.2 m depth. During the study period (1961--2010), the annual mean surface temperature in Lithuania increased significantly (0.4 °C per decade). The rate of changes of soil temperature in deeper layers varied from 0.26 °C (0.2 m) to 0.29 °C (0.8 m) per decade. Positive statistical significant changes of soil surface temperature in all stations were found in April, and in a large part of the territory in May, July and April. Negative trends were determined in almost all stations in October, and in half of the stations in June. Only positive changes were identified in deeper layers. Most of them were statistically significant. The average frost duration varied from 90 days (western part) to 115 days (northeastern part). The maximum average frost depth was found in Lazdijai (55 cm), while the smallest in Panevėžys (29 cm). Soil frost parameters (maximum depth and duration) depended on cold season's (November--April) air temperature. The negative linear correlation coefficients between cold season's air temperature and soil frost duration as well as maximum frost depth were statistically significant (--0.72 and --0.71, respectively). As a result of air temperature rise, negative tendencies of soil frost parameters were observed. Frost duration decreased statistically significantly (by 9 days per decade on average) in the whole Lithuanian territory in 1961--2010, while the negative changes of maximum frost depth (approximately by 8 cm per decade) were statistically significant in most of meteorological stations.
- Publication
Geologija, 2016, Vol 2, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
1392-110X
- Publication type
Article