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- Title
Graphene Far-Infrared Irradiation Can Effectively Relieve the Blood Pressure Level of Rat Untr-HT in Primary Hypertension.
- Authors
Lu, Guanjie; Guo, Haotong; Zhang, Yi; Zhang, Meng; Zhang, Tao; Hu, Ge; Zhang, Qian
- Abstract
Graphene, when electrified, generates far-infrared radiation within the wavelength range of 4 μm to 14 μm. This range closely aligns with the far-infrared band (3 μm to 15 μm), which produces unique physiological effects. Contraction and relaxation of vascular smooth muscle play a significant role in primary hypertension, involving the nitric oxide-soluble guanylate cyclase–cyclic guanosine monophosphate pathway and the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system. This study utilized spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) as an untr-HT to investigate the impact of far-infrared radiation at specific wavelengths generated by electrified graphene on vascular smooth muscle and blood pressure. After 7 weeks, the blood pressure of the untr-HT group rats decreased significantly with a notable reduction in the number of vascular wall cells and the thickness of the vascular wall, as well as a decreased ratio of vessel wall thickness to lumen diameter. Additionally, blood flow perfusion significantly increased, and the expression of F-actin in vascular smooth muscle myosin decreased significantly. Serum levels of angiotensin II (Ang-II) and endothelin 1 (ET-1) were significantly reduced, while nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression increased significantly. At the protein level, eNOS expression decreased significantly, while α-SMA expression increased significantly in aortic tissue. At the gene level, expressions of eNOS and α-SMA in aortic tissue significantly increased. Furthermore, the content of nitric oxide (NO) in the SHR's aortic tissue increased significantly. These findings confirm that graphene far-infrared radiation enhances microcirculation, regulates cytokines affecting vascular smooth muscle contraction, and modifies vascular morphology and smooth muscle phenotype, offering relief for primary hypertension.
- Subjects
ENDOTHELIN receptors; ESSENTIAL hypertension; BLOOD pressure; VASCULAR smooth muscle; PREPROENDOTHELIN; SMOOTH muscle contraction
- Publication
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2024, Vol 25, Issue 12, p6675
- ISSN
1661-6596
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/ijms25126675