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- Title
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE TIME OF BREEDING OF BALANUS BALANOIDES.
- Authors
Crisp, D. J.
- Abstract
1. The time at which Balanus balanoides becomes fertilised in the late autumn varies with a number of environmental factors, but if these are defined the date of fertilisation at any given place varies by not more than a few days from one year to another. 2. Fertilisation occurs first in specimens growing at high water and then progressively down the shore. Continuously immersed specimens are the last to become fertilised. 3. Individuals covered by weed or growing in partially enclosed situations are fertilised before those growing on bare surfaces. 4. Fertilisation occurs earlier in estuaries, bays and backwaters than at corresponding places on the open coast. 5. Older specimens become fertilised before those in their first year. 6. Individuals growing at higher latitudes fertilise earlier than those growing at lower latitudes and in milder climates. 7. Delay in fertilisation is correlated with smaller egg size; this applies both to differences due to latitude and to level on the shore. 8. The time of fertilisation is probably controlled by a process acting over a period before copulation occurs. This process may be controlled by the slowing down of the animals' metabolism or by diminishing amount of light received. Either theory could account for the known facts.
- Subjects
SEMIBALANUS balanoides; SHELLFISH; ARTHROPODA; BREEDING; FERTILIZATION (Biology); BACKWATER; CLIMATOLOGY
- Publication
Oikos, 1959, Vol 10, Issue 2, p275
- ISSN
0030-1299
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.2307/3565151