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- Title
Tulathromycin and Diclazuril Lack Efficacy against Theileria haneyi , but Tulathromycin Is Not Associated with Adverse Clinical Effects in Six Treated Adult Horses.
- Authors
Onzere, Cynthia K.; Hulbert, Morgan; Sears, Kelly P.; Williams, Laura B. A.; Fry, Lindsay M.
- Abstract
Equine theileriosis, caused by Theileria haneyi and Theileria equi, leads to anemia, exercise intolerance, and occasionally, death. Theileriosis-free countries prohibit the importation of infected horses, resulting in significant costs for the equine industry. Imidocarb dipropionate is the only treatment for T. equi in the United States, but lacks efficacy against T. haneyi. The goal of this study was to assess the in vivo efficacy of tulathromycin and diclazuril against T. haneyi. Fourteen T. haneyi-infected horses were utilized. Six were treated with eight weekly 2.5 mg/kg doses of tulathromycin. Three were treated daily for eight weeks with 2.5 mg/kg diclazuril. Three were pre-treated with 0.5 mg/kg diclazuril daily for one month to determine whether low-dose diclazuril prevents infection. Following infection, the dose was increased to 2.5 mg/kg for eight weeks. Two infected horses remained untreated as controls. The horses were assessed via nested PCR, physical exams, complete blood counts, serum chemistry panels, and cytology. Tulathromycin and diclazuril failed to clear T. haneyi and the treated and control groups exhibited similar parasitemia and packed cell volume declines. To obtain additional safety data on tulathromycin use in adult horses, necropsy and histopathology were performed on tulathromycin-treated horses. No significant lesions were detected.
- Subjects
UNITED States; THEILERIA; HORSE health; HORSES; BLOOD cell count; HORSE industry; CELL size
- Publication
Pathogens, 2023, Vol 12, Issue 3, p453
- ISSN
2076-0817
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/pathogens12030453