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- Title
Mapping the structural brain changes in Alzheimer's disease: the independent contribution of two imaging modalities.
- Authors
Canu, Elisa; McLaren, Donald G; Fitzgerald, Michele E; Bendlin, Barbara B; Zoccatelli, Giada; Alessandrini, Franco; Pizzini, Francesca B; Ricciardi, Giuseppe K; Beltramello, Alberto; Johnson, Sterling C; Frisoni, Giovanni B
- Abstract
The macrostructural atrophy of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been fully described. Current literature reports that also microstructural alterations occur in AD since the early stages. However, whether the microstructural changes offer unique information independent from macrostructural atrophy is unclear. Aim of this study is to define the independent contribution of macrostructural atrophy and microstructural alterations on AD pathology. The study involved 17 moderate to severe AD patients and 13 healthy controls. All participants underwent conventional and non conventional MRI (respectively, T1-weighted and diffusion-weighted MR scanning). We processed the images in order to obtain gray and white matter volumes to assess macrostructural atrophy, and fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity to assess the microstructural damage. Analyses of covariance between patients and controls were performed to investigate microstructural tissue damage independent of macrostructural tissue loss, and vice versa, voxel by voxel. We observed microstructural differences, independent of macrostructural atrophy, between patients and controls in temporal and retrosplenial regions, as well as in thalamus, corticopontine tracts, striatum and precentral gyrus. Volumetric differences, independent of microstructural alterations, were observed mainly in the entorhinal cortex, posterior cingulum, and splenium. Measures of microstructural damage provide unique information not obtainable with volumetric mapping in regions known to be pivotal in AD as well as in others thought to be spared. This work expands the understanding of the topography of pathological changes in AD that can be captured with imaging techniques.
- Subjects
ALZHEIMER'S disease; ANALYSIS of variance; BRAIN; BRAIN mapping; DIGITAL image processing; MAGNETIC resonance imaging; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL tests; RESEARCH funding; ATROPHY
- Publication
Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, 2011, Vol 23, Issue S1, p263
- ISSN
1387-2877
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.3233/JAD-2011-0040