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- Title
The Balearic Islands: a reservoir of cpDNA genetic variation for evergreen oaks.
- Authors
L&oaacute;pez-de-Heredia, Unai; Jiménez, Pilar; Díaz-Fernández, Pedro; Gil, Luis
- Abstract
To analyse the role of the Balearic Islands as a refuge area for evergreenQuercus(cork oak:Quercus suberL., holm oak:Q. ilexL., kermes oak:Q. cocciferaL.), by using molecular, historical and palaeobotanical data.The Western Mediterranean Basin (Balearic Islands, eastern Iberia, Provence, Sardinia, Corsica, Sicily, Malta, Italy, Northern Africa).We sampled 108 populations and used the PCR-RFLP technique with five universal cpDNA primers to define haplotypes in the sampled populations. Diversity, differentiation parameters and spatial analysis of the populations, using a spatial version ofamova, were linked to the geological history of the Western Mediterranean Basin in order to explain the present spatial pattern of the evergreenQuercuspopulations in the Balearics.EvergreenQuercuscpDNA shows a complex structure, with remnants of ancient diversity in the Balearics. Balearic populations of holm oak are related to Iberian populations, while for cork and kermes oaks, we found both Tyrrhenian and Iberian haplotypes.The complex spatial patterns of cpDNA in Balearic evergreenQuercusappears explicable in terms of a combination of physical (vicariance and long distance dispersal) and biological (introgressive hybridization) factors. The Balearics constitute a glacial refuge area and a reservoir of genetic variation with traces of ancient diversity from Messinian–Pliocene stages.
- Subjects
SPAIN; BALEARIC Islands (Spain); AFRICA; ISLANDS; SPECIES hybridization; DNA; DEOXYRIBOSE
- Publication
Journal of Biogeography, 2005, Vol 32, Issue 6, p939
- ISSN
0305-0270
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/j.1365-2699.2004.01232.x