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- Title
Flavan-3-ols and Vascular Health: Clinical Evidence and Mechanisms of Action.
- Authors
Godos, Justyna; Romano, Giovanni Luca; Laudani, Samuele; Gozzo, Lucia; Guerrera, Ida; Dominguez Azpíroz, Irma; Martínez Diaz, Raquel; Quiles, José L.; Battino, Maurizio; Drago, Filippo; Giampieri, Francesca; Galvano, Fabio; Grosso, Giuseppe
- Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the main causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. A healthy diet rich in plant-derived compounds such as (poly)phenols appears to have a key role in improving cardiovascular health. Flavan-3-ols represent a subclass of (poly)phenols of great interest for their possible health benefits. In this review, we summarized the results of clinical studies on vascular outcomes of flavan-3-ol supplementation and we focused on the role of the microbiota in CVD. Clinical trials included in this review showed that supplementation with flavan-3-ols mostly derived from cocoa products significantly reduces blood pressure and improves endothelial function. Studies on catechins from green tea demonstrated better results when involving healthy individuals. From a mechanistic point of view, emerging evidence suggests that microbial metabolites may play a role in the observed effects. Their function extends beyond the previous belief of ROS scavenging activity and encompasses a direct impact on gene expression and protein function. Although flavan-3-ols appear to have effects on cardiovascular health, further studies are needed to clarify and confirm these potential benefits and the rising evidence of the potential involvement of the microbiota.
- Subjects
CARDIOVASCULAR disease prevention; PROTEINS; FLAVONOIDS; GUT microbiome; GREEN tea; ENDOTHELIUM; CACAO; METABOLITES; GENE expression; ENDOTHELIAL cells; BLOOD pressure; INFLAMMATION; DIETARY supplements; POLYPHENOLS
- Publication
Nutrients, 2024, Vol 16, Issue 15, p2471
- ISSN
2072-6643
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/nu16152471