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- Title
Iodine and Selenium Intakes of Postmenopausal Women in New Zealand.
- Authors
Brough, Louise; Gunn, Caroline A.; Weber, Janet L.; Coad, Jane; Ying Jin; Thomson, Jasmine S.; Mauze, Mathilde; Kruger, Marlena C.
- Abstract
Iodine and selenium are required for thyroid function. This study investigated iodine and selenium intakes in healthy, women aged 50-70 years (n = 97) from three cities in the North Island of New Zealand, after mandatory fortification of bread with iodised salt. Iodine and selenium concentrations were determined in 24-h urine samples; daily intakes were extrapolated from amounts in urine (90% and 55% of daily intake, respectively). Three day diet diaries (3DDD) also estimated selenium and iodine (excluding iodised salt) intake. Median urinary iodine concentration (UIC) was 57 (41, 78) µg/L, indicating mild iodine deficiency. Estimated median iodine intake based on urine was 138 (100,172) µg/day, below Recommended Dietary Intake (RDI) (150 µg/day) with 25% below Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) (100 µg/day). Estimated median selenium intake was 50 (36, 71) µg/day based on urine and 45 (36, 68) µg/day using 3DDD, below RDI (60 µg/day) with 49%-55% below EAR (50 µg/day). Median bread intakes were low at 1.8 (1.1, 2.7) serves/day; 25% consumed ≤1 serve/day. Although population iodine intakes improved following mandatory fortification, some had low intakes. Selenium intakes remain low. Further research should investigate thyroid function of low consumers of iodine fortified bread and/or selenium in New Zealand.
- Subjects
NEW Zealand; ENRICHED foods; BREAD; IODINE; NUTRITION policy; NUTRITIONAL requirements; SELENIUM; URINALYSIS; WOMEN; IODINE deficiency
- Publication
Nutrients, 2017, Vol 9, Issue 3, p254
- ISSN
2072-6643
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/nu9030254