We found a match
Your institution may have access to this item. Find your institution then sign in to continue.
- Title
Effectiveness of Trivalent and Quadrivalent Inactivated Vaccines Against Influenza B in the United States, 2011–2012 to 2016–2017.
- Authors
Gaglani, Manjusha; Vasudevan, Anupama; Raiyani, Chandni; Murthy, Kempapura; Chen, Wencong; Reis, Michael; Belongia, Edward A; McLean, Huong Q; Jackson, Michael L; Jackson, Lisa A; Zimmerman, Richard K; Nowalk, Mary Patricia; Monto, Arnold S; Martin, Emily T; Chung, Jessie R; Spencer, Sarah; Fry, Alicia M; Flannery, Brendan
- Abstract
Background Since 2013, quadrivalent influenza vaccines containing 2 B viruses gradually replaced trivalent vaccines in the United States. We compared the vaccine effectiveness of quadrivalent to trivalent inactivated vaccines (IIV4 to IIV3, respectively) against illness due to influenza B during the transition, when IIV4 use increased rapidly. Methods The US Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness (Flu VE) Network analyzed 25 019 of 42 600 outpatients aged ≥6 months who enrolled within 7 days of illness onset during 6 seasons from 2011–2012. Upper respiratory specimens were tested for the influenza virus type and B lineage. Using logistic regression, we estimated IIV4 or IIV3 effectiveness by comparing the odds of an influenza B infection overall and the odds of B lineage among vaccinated versus unvaccinated participants. Over 4 seasons from 2013–2014, we compared the relative odds of an influenza B infection among IIV4 versus IIV3 recipients. Results Trivalent vaccines included the predominantly circulating B lineage in 4 of 6 seasons. During 4 influenza seasons when both IIV4 and IIV3 were widely used, the overall effectiveness against any influenza B was 53% (95% confidence interval [CI], 45–59) for IIV4 versus 45% (95% CI, 34–54) for IIV3. IIV4 was more effective than IIV3 against the B lineage not included in IIV3, but comparative effectiveness against illnesses related to any influenza B favored neither vaccine valency. Conclusions The uptake of quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccines was not associated with increased protection against any influenza B illness, despite the higher effectiveness of quadrivalent vaccines against the added B virus lineage. Public health impact and cost-benefit analyses are needed globally.
- Subjects
UNITED States; INFLUENZA prevention; INFLUENZA vaccines; EVALUATION of medical care; PUBLIC health surveillance; CONFIDENCE intervals; INFLUENZA B virus; LOGISTIC regression analysis
- Publication
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2021, Vol 72, Issue 7, p1147
- ISSN
1058-4838
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1093/cid/ciaa102