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- Title
Longitudinal Analysis of Human Memory T-Cell Response According to the Severity of Illness up to 8 Months After Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection.
- Authors
Kang, Chang Kyung; Kim, Minji; Lee, Soojin; Kim, Gwanghun; Choe, Pyoeng Gyun; Park, Wan Beom; Kim, Nam Joong; Lee, Chang-Han; Kim, Ik Soo; Jung, Keehoon; Lee, Dong-Sup; Shin, Hyun Mu; Kim, Hang-Rae; Oh, Myoung-don
- Abstract
<bold>Background: </bold>Understanding the memory T-cell response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is crucial for assessing the longevity of protective immunity after SARS-CoV-2 infection or coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. However, the longitudinal memory T-cell response up to 8 months post-symptom onset (PSO) according to the severity of illness is unknown.<bold>Methods: </bold>We analyzed peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy volunteers or patients with COVID-19 who experienced asymptomatic, mild, or severe illness at 2, 5, and 8 months PSO. SARS-CoV-2 spike, nucleocapsid, and membrane protein-stimulated PBMCs were subjected to flow cytometry analysis.<bold>Results: </bold>A total of 24 patients (7 asymptomatic, 9 with mild disease, and 8 with severe disease) and 6 healthy volunteers were analyzed. SARS-CoV-2-specific OX40+CD137+CD4+ T cells and CD69+CD137+CD8+ T cells persisted at 8 months PSO. Also, antigen-specific cytokine-producing or polyfunctional CD4+ T cells were maintained for up to 8 months PSO. Memory CD4+ T-cell responses tended to be greater in patients who had severe illness than in those with mild or asymptomatic disease.<bold>Conclusions: </bold>Memory response to SARS-CoV-2, based on the frequency and functionality, persists for 8 months PSO. Further investigations involving its longevity and protective effect from reinfection are warranted.
- Subjects
SARS-CoV-2; MONONUCLEAR leukocytes; MEMORY; COVID-19
- Publication
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2021, Vol 224, Issue 1, p39
- ISSN
0022-1899
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.1093/infdis/jiab159