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- Title
Caragana rosea Turcz Methanol Extract Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Responses by Suppressing the TLR4/NF-κB/IRF3 Signaling Pathways.
- Authors
Mitra, Ankita; Ahuja, Akash; Rahmawati, Laily; Kim, Han Gyung; Woo, Byoung Young; Hong, Yong Deog; Hossain, Mohammad Amjad; Zhang, Zhiyun; Kim, Soo-Yong; Lee, Jongsung; Kim, Jong-Hoon; Cho, Jae Youl
- Abstract
Caragana rosea Turcz, which belongs to the Leguminosae family, is a small shrub found in Northern and Eastern China that is known to possess anti-inflammatory properties and is used to treat fever, asthma, and cough. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of its anti-inflammatory effects are unknown. Therefore, we used lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in RAW264.7 macrophages to investigate the molecular mechanisms that underlie the anti-inflammatory activities of a methanol extract of Caragana rosea (Cr-ME). We showed that Cr-ME reduced the production of nitric oxide (NO) and mRNA levels of iNOS, TNF-α, and IL-6 in a concentration-dependent manner. We also found that Cr-ME blocked MyD88- and TBK1-induced NF-κB and IRF3 promoter activity, suggesting that it affects multiple targets. Moreover, Cr-ME reduced the phosphorylation levels of IκBα, IKKα/β and IRF3 in a time-dependent manner and regulated the upstream NF-κB proteins Syk and Src, and the IRF3 protein TBK1. Upon overexpression of Src and TBK1, Cr-ME stimulation attenuated the phosphorylation of the NF-κB subunits p50 and p65 and IRF3 signaling. Together, our results suggest that the anti-inflammatory activity of Cr-ME occurs by inhibiting the NF-κB and IRF3 signaling pathways.
- Subjects
CHINA; CELLULAR signal transduction; INFLAMMATION; METHANOL; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDES; COUGH
- Publication
Molecules, 2021, Vol 26, Issue 21, p6660
- ISSN
1420-3049
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/molecules26216660