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- Title
Portable EDXRF Analysis of Eight Heavy Metals in Environmental Water Using Pre-concentration with Purolite S930 and Thin-layer Sample Technique.
- Authors
ZHAI Lei; ZHAN Xiu-chun; FAN Xing-tao; WEN Hong-li; JIAO Ju; LIU Lei-lei
- Abstract
Analysis of environmental water samples is primarily conducted in the laboratory, which costs considerable time and money. Pre-concentration methods coupled with portable X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) have been developed for the determination of almost twenty kinds of heavy metals, but with a relatively high detection limit, complex operation, and less element types can be measured using one pre-concentration strategy. All of these problems restrict the development of the technique. To solve these issues an on-site-oriented rapid and convenient analysis method of heavy metal ions in aqueous solutions has been developed utilizing a bench-top type portable Energy-Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF). Based on pre-concentration with purolite S930 chelating resin and thin-layer sample preparation tecnnique, the method could determine trace V5+, Mn2+, Fe3+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+ and Pb2+ in environmental water samples. After the heavy metal ions have been absorbed by 20 mg of S-930 resin powder for about 30 mm in the pH =4 solution, the resin powders are filtrated onto a 0. 45 m filter to form a thin-layer sample which can be directly measured by EDXRF using a homemade double polypropylene film sample cup. With an amount of 100 mL of solution, the linear ranges were 10 - 1000 μg/L and the correlation coefficients of the calibration curves were good (R² > 0. 997) for all the eight elements. The lower limit of detection was between 1. 0 and 6. 2 μg/L. Precision tests carried out on multi-element mixed solutions showed that the relative standard deviations (RSD, n = 12) were better than 5% except for those of Zn and Pb at the concentration level of 20 μg/L. Most of the recoveries were 80% - 120% with spikes of 20 μg/L for each element. The analysis results of DW standard substances and simulation samples were consistent with reference values and the theoretical value respectively. This method skillfully uses a double polypropylene membrane preparation method to make a thin-layer film sample which solves the pollution problem and simplifies the pre-concentration steps. The resin film samples can be directly measured by XRF. A lower detection limit and better stability make the method suitable for a spot investigation, water quality monitoring, and assessment of Fe, Go, Ni, Cu, V, Zn, Mn and Pb in heavy metal polluted environmental water.
- Publication
Rock & Mineral Analysis, 2015, Vol 36, Issue 1, p118
- ISSN
0254-5357
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.2015.01.01