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- Title
Early- and Late-Stage Benefits of Blood Flow Restriction Training on Knee Strength in Adolescents After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.
- Authors
Roman, Dylan P.; Burland, Julie P.; Fredericks, Arthur; Giampetruzzi, Nicholas; Prue, Jennifer; Lolic, Adel; Pace, J. Lee; Crepeau, Allison E.; Weaver, Adam P.
- Abstract
Background: Blood flow restriction training (BFRT) after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is rising in popularity because of its benefits in reducing muscle atrophy and mitigating knee strength deficits. Purpose: To investigate the impact BFRT has on adolescent knee strength after ACLR at 2 postoperative time points: at 3 months and the time of return to sport (RTS). Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A prospective intervention (BFRT) group was compared to an age-, sex-, and body mass index–matched retrospective control group. Patients aged 12 to 18 years who underwent primary ACLR with a quadriceps tendon autograft were included. Along with a traditional rehabilitation protocol, the BFRT group completed a standardized BFRT protocol (3 BFRT exercises performed twice weekly for the initial 12 weeks postoperatively). Peak torque values for isometric knee extension and flexion strength (at 3 months and RTS) and isokinetic strength at 180 deg/s (at RTS) as well as Pediatric International Knee Documentation Committee (Pedi-IKDC) scores were collected. Differences between the BFRT and control groups were compared with 2-way mixed analysis of variance and 1-way analysis of variance. Results: The BFRT group consisted of 16 patients (10 female; mean age, 14.84 ± 1.6 years) who were matched to 16 patients in the control group (10 female; mean age, 15.35 ± 1.3 years). Regardless of the time point, the BFRT group demonstrated significantly higher isometric knee extension torque compared to the control group (2.15 ± 0.12 N·m/kg [95% CI, 1.90-2.39] vs 1.74 ± 0.12 N·m/kg [95% CI, 1.49-1.98], respectively; mean difference, 0.403 N·m/kg; P =.024). The BFRT group also reported significantly better Pedi-IKDC scores compared to the control group at both 3 months (68.91 ± 9.68 vs 66.39 ± 12.18, respectively) and RTS (89.42 ± 7.94 vs 72.79 ± 22.81, respectively) (P =.047). Conclusion: In adolescents, the addition of a standardized BFRT protocol to a traditional rehabilitation protocol after ACLR significantly improved knee strength and patient-reported function compared to a traditional rehabilitation program alone.
- Subjects
UNITED States; KNEE physiology; ISOMETRIC exercise; RANGE of motion of joints; ANALYSIS of variance; CONFIDENCE intervals; BLOOD flow restriction training; AGE distribution; ONE-way analysis of variance; EXERCISE physiology; RETROSPECTIVE studies; MUSCLE strength testing; COMPARATIVE studies; SEX distribution; AUTOGRAFTS; POSTOPERATIVE period; ANTERIOR cruciate ligament surgery; BODY mass index; QUADRICEPS tendon; LONGITUDINAL method; REHABILITATION; ADOLESCENCE
- Publication
Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine, 2023, Vol 11, Issue 11, p1
- ISSN
2325-9671
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1177/23259671231213034