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- Title
不同除草剂对桃砧木幼苗的安全性评价.
- Authors
黄晨艳; 郭 磊; 宋宏峰; 沈志军; 张斌斌; 马瑞娟; 俞明亮
- Abstract
To screen out suitable herbicides for peach nurseries, we treated the potted seedlings of the peach rootstock 'Nemaguard' with eleven herbicides under recommended doses to investigate the changes of physiological indices and comprehensively evaluate the safety of different herbicides using principal component analysis (PCA). The results showed that soil application of quizalofop-p exhibited no detectable phytotoxicity on rootstock seedlings, while the remaining herbicides generated multiple symptoms, including green loss, wilting, spot, and withering. Starane caused rapid wilting and death, with a 100.0% phytotoxicity index (PI). Soil application of n-(phosphono-methyl)glycine, glufosinate-ammonium, acetochlor, and MCPA-Na showed a PI>65.0%. As compared with the control, all herbicides inhibited leaf area growth to varying degrees, with a 10. 0% -- 56. 2% and 5. 8%--44. 4% reduction in young leaf area and mature leaf area, respectively. All herbicides, except quizalofop-p, increased the electrolyte permeability of leaf and root tip cells by 21.2%--145.0% and 36.9%--291.4%, respectively, and significantly inhibited root growth. The total root length, root surface area, root volume, and the number of root tips significantly decreased by 37. 3% -- 75. 3%, 35. 7% -- 83. 0%, 44. 3% -- 89. 9%, and 42. 6% -- 73. 7%, respectively. Although net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and transpiration rate (Tr) of leaves were not significantly affected by quiza-lofop-p, mesotrione-atrazine, MCPA-Na • bentazone, bensulfuron-methyl • quinclorac, and bensulfuron-methyl • acetochlor, there was significant reduction of 29. 6%, 28. 9%, 28. 4% and 27. 9% in Pn and 21. 9%, 29. 2%, 26.4%, and19.7% in Tr post soil application of n-(phosphonomethyl)glycine, glufosinate-ammonium, acetochlor, and MCPA-Na. The overall safety ranking of the 11 examined herbicides is as follows: quizalofop-p >bensulfuron-methyl • acetochlor>bensulfuron-methyl • quinclorac>esotrione • atrazine>auizalofop-p • fluoroglycofen>acetochlor> MCPA-Na • bentazone>MCPA-Na>n-(phosphonomethyl) glycine>glufosinate-ammonium>sterane.
- Subjects
LEAF anatomy; LEAF area; PRINCIPAL components analysis; LEAF growth; ROOT growth; ATRAZINE; HERBICIDES; PEACH
- Publication
Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology / Yingyong Shengtai Xuebao, 2023, Vol 34, Issue 6, p1583
- ISSN
1001-9332
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.13287/j.1001--9332.202306.010