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- Title
Cardiovascular Disorders Triggered by Obstructive Sleep Apnea—A Focus on Endothelium and Blood Components.
- Authors
Mochol, Jakub; Gawrys, Jakub; Gajecki, Damian; Szahidewicz-Krupska, Ewa; Martynowicz, Helena; Doroszko, Adrian; Takasawa, Shin
- Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is known to be an independent cardiovascular risk factor. Among arousal from sleep, increased thoracic pressure and enhanced sympathetic activation, intermittent hypoxia is now considered as one of the most important pathophysiological mechanisms contributing to the development of endothelial dysfunction. Nevertheless, not much is known about blood components, which justifies the current review. This review focuses on molecular mechanisms triggered by sleep apnea. The recurrent periods of hypoxemia followed by reoxygenation promote reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction and increase inflammatory response. In this review paper we also intend to summarize the effect of treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on changes in the profile of the endothelial function and its subsequent potential clinical advantage in lowering cardiovascular risk in other comorbidities such as diabetes, atherosclerosis, hypertension, atrial fibrillation. Moreover, this paper is aimed at explaining how the presence of OSA may affect platelet function and exert effects on rheological activity of erythrocytes, which could also be the key to explaining an increased risk of stroke.
- Subjects
CARDIOVASCULAR diseases; SLEEP apnea syndromes; ERYTHROCYTES; CONTINUOUS positive airway pressure; ENDOTHELIUM diseases; CARDIOVASCULAR diseases risk factors; HYPOGLOSSAL nerve
- Publication
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2021, Vol 22, Issue 10, p5139
- ISSN
1661-6596
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/ijms22105139