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- Title
High-resolution three-photon biomedical imaging using doped ZnS nanocrystals.
- Authors
Yu, Jung Ho; Kwon, Seung-Hae; Petrášek, Zdeněk; Park, Ok Kyu; Jun, Samuel Woojoo; Shin, Kwangsoo; Choi, Moonkee; Park, Yong Il; Park, Kyeongsoon; Na, Hyon Bin; Lee, Nohyun; Lee, Dong Won; Kim, Jeong Hyun; Schwille, Petra; Hyeon, Taeghwan
- Abstract
Three-photon excitation is a process that occurs when three photons are simultaneously absorbed within a luminophore for photo-excitation through virtual states. Although the imaging application of this process was proposed decades ago, three-photon biomedical imaging has not been realized yet owing to its intrinsic low quantum efficiency. We herein report on high-resolution in vitro and in vivo imaging by combining three-photon excitation of ZnS nanocrystals and visible emission from Mn2+ dopants. The large three-photon cross-section of the nanocrystals enabled targeted cellular imaging under high spatial resolution, approaching the theoretical limit of three-photon excitation. Owing to the enhanced Stokes shift achieved through nanocrystal doping, the three-photon process was successfully applied to high-resolution in vivo tumour-targeted imaging. Furthermore, the biocompatibility of ZnS nanocrystals offers great potential for clinical applications of three-photon imaging.
- Subjects
NANOCRYSTALS; PHOTON emission; QUANTUM optics; EXCITATION spectrum; NANOPARTICLES
- Publication
Nature Materials, 2013, Vol 12, Issue 4, p359
- ISSN
1476-1122
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1038/nmat3565