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- Title
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and self-reported mental health status in adult Danes.
- Authors
Husemoen, L. L. N.; Ebstrup, J. F.; Mortensen, E. L.; Schwarz, P.; Skaaby, T.; Thuesen, B. H.; Jørgensen, T.; Linneberg, A.
- Abstract
<bold>Background/objectives: </bold>Vitamin D receptors and vitamin D-metabolising enzymes are present in the brain and in the central nervous system at sites responsible for the regulation of emotions and behaviour. This raises the hypothesis that low vitamin D is related to poor mental health. Our aim was to examine the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and the self-reported symptoms and diagnosis of depression and anxiety in the adult general population.<bold>Subjects/methods: </bold>Serum 25(OH)D was measured in three Danish population-based studies, including 5308 adults aged 18-64 years. After 5 years, 2004 participants were re-examined. Symptoms of depression and anxiety were assessed by the Symptom Check List (SCL)-90-R, and self-reported doctor-diagnosed depression and anxiety was recorded by using a questionnaire.<bold>Results: </bold>Serum 25(OH)D was not associated with SCL average scores for depression and anxiety when analysed by quantile median regression adjusted for sex, age and other potential confounders. The β-coefficient and 95% confidence interval (CI) per 10 nmol/l serum 25(OH)D were 0.00 (-0.00 to 0.01) and P=0.23 for depression and -0.00 (-0.01 to 0.00) and P=0.19 for anxiety. Furthermore, no evidence of an association was observed with longitudinal changes (combining depression and anxiety score: β (95% CI)=0.00 (-0.00 to 0.00), P=0.90), with scores >90 percentiles (odds ratio (OR) (95% CI)=1.02 (0.98-1.07), P=0.32), or with self-reported history (OR (95% CI)=1.02 (0.97-1.07), P=0.47) or incidence (OR (95% CI)=1.02 (0.92-1.12), P=0.77) of doctor-diagnosed depression and/or anxiety.<bold>Conclusions: </bold>Our results suggest that low serum 25(OH)D is not associated with self-reported symptoms/diagnosis of depression and anxiety.
- Subjects
DENMARK; ANXIETY; MENTAL depression; HEALTH status indicators; MENTAL health; QUESTIONNAIRES; SELF-evaluation; VITAMIN D; VITAMIN D deficiency; ANXIETY disorders; ODDS ratio; DISEASE complications
- Publication
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2016, Vol 70, Issue 1, p78
- ISSN
0954-3007
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.1038/ejcn.2015.129