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- Title
Fertility history and intentions of married women, China.
- Authors
Qin Li; Rui Yang; Zehong Zhou; Weiping Qian; Jian Zhang; Ze Wu; Lei Jin; Xueqing Wu; Cuilian Zhang; Beihong Zheng; Jichun Tan; Guimin Hao; Shangwei Li; Yongxiu Hao; Danni Zheng; Yuanyuan Wang; Rong Li; Ping Liu; Jie Qiao
- Abstract
Objective To estimate the proportion of married women in China who intend to become pregnant given the country's pronatalist population policy and to investigate fecundity, with an emphasis on the influence of socioeconomic factors. Methods A nationally representative survey of 12 815 married women aged 20 to 49 years (mean: 36.8 years) was conducted during 2019 and 2020. All completed questionnaires, 10 115 gave blood samples and 11 710 underwent pelvic ultrasound examination. Fertility intention was the desire or intent to become pregnant combined with engagement in unprotected sexual intercourse. We defined infertility as the failure to achieve pregnancy after 12 months or more of unprotected intercourse. We considered an anti-Müllerian hormone level < 1.1 ng/ mL and an antral follicular count < 7 as indicating an abnormal ovarian reserve. Findings Fertility intentions were reported by 11.9% of women overall but by only 6.1% of current mothers (weighted percentages). Fertility intention was significantly less likely among women in metropolises (odds ratio, OR: 0.38; 95% confidence interval, CI: 0.31--0.45) and those with a higher educational level (OR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.62--0.88). Overall, 18.0% had experienced infertility at any time and almost 30% had an abnormal ovarian reserve on assessment. An abnormal ovarian reserve and infertility were less likely in women in metropolises (P < 0.05) but more likely in obese women (P < 0.05). Conclusion The willingness of Chinese married women to give birth remained low, even with relaxation of the one-child policy.
- Subjects
CHINA; BEHAVIORAL assessment; FERTILITY; FAMILY planning; SEX hormones; PELVIS; RESEARCH funding; MARRIED women; SOCIOECONOMIC factors; QUESTIONNAIRES; INFERTILITY; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; UNSAFE sex; SURVEYS; POLICY science research; ODDS ratio; INTENTION; FAMILY planning policy; COMPARATIVE studies; CONFIDENCE intervals; OVARIAN reserve; PSYCHOSOCIAL factors; REPRODUCTION
- Publication
Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 2024, Vol 102, Issue 4, p244
- ISSN
0042-9686
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.2471/BLT.23.289736