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- Title
Autophagy-inflammatory interplay in inflammatory cardiac diseases.
- Authors
Chiu, Bonnie; Jantuan, Eugeniu; Sergi, Consolato; Chiu, Brian
- Abstract
Objective: Autophagy is an intracellular process responsible for preserving cell homeostasis by means of endosomelysosome pathways in the formation of autophagosome. It has been demonstrated that autophagy is genetically related to immune cell responses and inflammatory pathways. We hypothesize that autophagy may play an important role in modulating inflammatory reactions in the development of myocardial diseases. Methods: Archival formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded cardiac tissues from surgeries, including endomyocardial biopsies, myomectomies, and cardiac explants (for transplantation) were classified as: 1. Inflammatory, 2. Remodeling, 3. Mixed inflammatory-remodeling, and 4. Fibrotic, according to the predominant histological patterns. The sections were immune-stained with LC3 (microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3), p62, and NBR1 (neighbor of BRCA1 gene 1) antibodies. The immune-staining results were correlated with the histological patterns. Data and Results: Histologically, the inflammatory pattern included patients with lymphocytic, eosinophilic and giant cell myocarditides. The remodeling pattern included hypertrophic, dilated and mitochondrial cardiomyopathies. The mixed pattern included dilated and ischemic cardiomyopathies, and the fibrotic pattern included arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. Immunohistochemical stainings showed increased LC3 in inflammatory and mixed inflammatory-remodeling histological patterns with reduced p62 and NBR1 stainings. All markers stainings were low or absent in fibrotic histological pattern. Conclusions: LC3, a key molecule during autophagosome formation, is upregulated with cellular autophagic activity, while the expression of p62 is considered inversely correlated with autophagic activity. NBR1 expressions, recruited to ubiquitinated protein aggregates and degraded by autophagy, are reduced in the up-regulation of autophagic activities. Our results appear to show that the cellular autophagic activity may modulate inflammatory reactions in the development of several inflammatory cardiac diseases.
- Publication
Canadian Journal of Pathology, 2016, Vol 8, p40
- ISSN
1918-915X
- Publication type
Article