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- Title
PIRMIEJI XIX a. EMIGRACINĖS SPAUDOS PAMINKLAI: PARYŽIUJE IŠĖJUSIOS KIPRIJONO JUOZAPO ZABIČIO-NEZABITAUSKIO KNYGELĖS.
- Authors
NAVICKIENĖ, AUŠRA
- Abstract
After the November rebellion in 1830-1831 large crowds of Lithuanian and Polish rebels who lost the fight had to look for refuge beyond the borders of ethnic territories of Lithuania and Poland, which became a possession of the Russian Empire. Therefore, commanders of the rebellion as well as many participants, nobility, politicians, artists and writers who did not receive amnesty from the Tsar emigrated to France, the Great Britain, Belgium, Switzerland, Algeria and the United States of America. About two thirds of emigrants settled down in France. Paris and its provinces were one of the main centres of emigrants' concentration where their life was most active. They issued magazines, organized political parties, generated programmes. Press became the most important instrument for fight, as well as for spiritual survival. Multilingual printing repertoire of emigrants consisted of fiction, historical and historical-literary works, but mainly of various political lines' publications. Books prepared and published by the Lithuanian emigrants made a small part of all Lithuanian publications that were printed in 1795-1864. Nevertheless, they are a part of Lithuanian press heritage because of their rarity and content, as well as peculiarities of preparation, publication, production and distribution. The first emigrants' publications could be the following two Lithuanian brochures printed in the fourth decade of 19th century in France, i.e., excerpts from a book of the French philosopher Hugues Félicité Robertos de Lamennais Paroles d'un croyant (Paris, 1834) and excerpts from Adam Mickiewicz book Księgi narodu polskiego I pielgrzymstwa polskiego (Paris, 1832) translated into Lithuanian. Both publications consisted of some pages, arranged in small format, printed in elegant font, neatly designed and illustrated, but they had no covers, no author, no printing date and place indicated. For more than one hundred and fifty years Lithuanian and Polish researchers have been trying to open the secret of these publications, but up till now they have not agreed on when these publications were issued and printed and how to explain the peculiarities of their design. With reference to the research of emigrants' press and to the research of the books de visu as well as based on other sources, the article come back again to the research of the publication history of the above mentioned Lithuanian emigrants' press monuments, in order to confirm or to correct the established attitudes in history of Lithuanian book as well as to add new insights. The aim of the article is to prove that brochures printed in Paris were typical examples of emigrants' press of the fourth decade of the 19th century; also to prove that publishing style of the texts of these excerpts does not differ from the examples of illegal Polish press, the anonymity, small format and volume of which facilitated its spreading among emigrants in France and in occupied territories of former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth; to prove that there is no doubt in authorship of these books, as well as in place of their publication, but printing date and publisher cannot be named yet due to lack of data. The facts of the life of the author of both books allow us to state that the texts mentioned above could be translated and published in the period of 1833-1837, but the further research should verify a hypothesis that maybe both books were printed in Paris at the same time, contrary to the former view that they were printed in different years.
- Subjects
LITHUANIA; POLAND; CIVIL war; ETHNIC groups; NATIONAL territory; POLITICIANS
- Publication
Knygotyra, 2008, Issue 50, p97
- ISSN
0204-2061
- Publication type
Article