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- Title
Inhibitory Effects of Ehretia tinifolia Extract on the Excessive Oxidative and Inflammatory Responses in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Mouse Kupffer Cells.
- Authors
Lim, Jae Sung; Lee, Sung Ho; Yun, Hyosuk; Lee, Da Young; Cho, Namki; Yoo, Guijae; Choi, Jeong Uk; Lee, Kwang Youl; Bach, Tran The; Park, Su-Jin; Cho, Young-Chang
- Abstract
Ehretia tinifolia (E. tinifolia) L., an evergreen tree with substantial biological activity, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, has been used in many herbal and traditional medicines. To elucidate its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity and the underlying mechanisms, we applied a methanol extract of E. tinifolia (ETME) to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mouse immortalized Kupffer cells. ETME suppressed the LPS-induced increase in nitric oxide, a mediator for oxidative stress and inflammation, and restored LPS-mediated depletion of total glutathione level by stabilizing antioxidative nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and the subsequent increase in heme oxygenase-1 levels. Furthermore, ETME inhibited the LPS-induced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6. The inhibitory effects of ETME on pro-inflammatory responses were regulated by ETME-mediated dephosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs: p38, p44/p42, and stress-associated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase) and inhibition of nuclear localization of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). These results suggest that ETME is a possible candidate for protecting Kupffer cells from LPS-mediated oxidative stress and excessive inflammatory responses by activating antioxidant Nrf2/HO-1 and inhibiting pro-inflammatory NF-κB and MAPKs, respectively.
- Subjects
NUCLEAR factor E2 related factor; KUPFFER cells; MITOGEN-activated protein kinases; INFLAMMATION; GLUTATHIONE
- Publication
Antioxidants, 2023, Vol 12, Issue 10, p1792
- ISSN
2076-3921
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/antiox12101792