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- Title
HEAT STROKE IN DOGS: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF 54 CASES (1999–2004) AND ANALYSIS OF RISK FACTORS FOR MORTALITY.
- Authors
Klement, E.; Saragusty, J.; Finkeilstein, E.; Aroch, I.
- Abstract
Heat stroke (HS) is a commonly recognized syndrome in dog, however, the research of HS in dogs is limited to one retrospective study. The purpose of this study was to characterize the clinical and clinicopathological signs, treatment, outcome and risk factors for mortality in canine heat stroke. The medical records of all dogs presented to the Hebrew University Veterinary Medicine Teaching Hospital (1999–2004) were reviewed retrospectively, and 54 dogs were selected. The data from these medical records were gathered. Statistical analysis included Fisher's Exact, Chi square and Mantel tests for dichotomic variables, statistical significance assessment of independence between nominal variables consisting of >2 categories and of linear trend association, respectively. Most cases (79%) occurred between June and August. The environmental heat stress index (EHSI) was mild, moderate and severe in 1, 33 and 13 cases, respectively, with no significant differences between mean environmental temperature, humidity and EHSI in the particular days of occurrence, compared to the corresponding average monthly values. Belgian malinois (OR=24), retrievers (0R=2.08) and brachycephalic dogs (OR=1.66) were overrepresented, while small breeds were underrepresented (OR=0.07). The body temperature upon admission was ≥41°C and<41°C in 21 and 30 dogs, respectively. Heat stroke was exertional and environmental in 63% and 37% of the dogs, respectively, with no difference in mortality. Acute renal failure was diagnosed in 18/54 (33%) of the cases despite aggressive IV fluid therapy, and was a risk factor for mortality (P=0.008). Dogs presenting semi-comatose/comatose tended (P=0.06) to have a higher mortality compared to dogs in the disorientation/stupor group (70% vs. 40.9% respectively). The following signs at presentation were significantly associated with mortality: seizures (P=0.02), hypoglycemia (<47 mg/dl, P=0.003), late admission (P=0.032) (>1.5 hrs), obesity (P=0.04) and serum creatinine>1.5 mg/dl (P=0.003) after 24 hours. The mortality rate was 50%.
- Subjects
HEAT stroke; DOGS; PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of heat; VETERINARY medicine; VETERINARY critical care
- Publication
Journal of Veterinary Emergency & Critical Care, 2005, Vol 15, pS15
- ISSN
1479-3261
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/j.1476-4431.2005.00153_1.x