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- Title
Sonazoid-enhanced ultrasonography for noninvasive imaging diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma: special emphasis on the 2022 KLCA-NCC guideline.
- Authors
Hyo-Jin Kang; Jeong Min Lee; Se Woo Kim
- Abstract
Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) is a noninvasive imaging modality used to diagnose hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) based on specific imaging features, without the need for pathologic confirmation. Two types of ultrasound contrast agents are commercially available: pure intravascular agents (such as SonoVue) and Kupffer agents (such as Sonazoid). Major guidelines recognize CEUS as a reliable imaging method for HCC diagnosis, although they differ depending on the contrast agents used. The Korean Liver Cancer Association--National Cancer Center guideline includes CEUS with either SonoVue or Sonazoid as a second-line diagnostic technique. However, Sonazoid-enhanced ultrasound is associated with several unresolved issues. This review provides a comparative overview of these contrast agents regarding pharmacokinetic features, examination protocols, diagnostic criteria for HCC, and potential applications in the HCC diagnostic algorithm.
- Subjects
HEPATOCELLULAR carcinoma; ULTRASOUND contrast media; NONINVASIVE diagnostic tests; ULTRASONIC imaging; CONTRAST media; CONTRAST-enhanced ultrasound; MICROBUBBLE diagnosis
- Publication
Ultrasonography, 2023, Vol 42, Issue 4, p479
- ISSN
2288-5919
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.14366/usg.23051