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- Title
High-Resolution Phosphorescence Lifetime Imaging (PLIM) of Bones.
- Authors
Breunig, Hans Georg; König, Karsten
- Abstract
For the first time, the time-resolved two-photon excited autophosphorescence of non-labeled biological specimens was investigated by phosphoresce lifetime imaging with microscopic spatial resolution. A modified multiphoton tomograph was employed to record both photoluminescence contributions, autofluorescence and autophosphorescence, simultaneously, induced by two-photon excitation using an 80 MHz near infrared femtosecond-pulse-laser scanning beam, an acousto-optic modulator, and a time-correlated single-photon counting module for lifetime measurements from the picosecond to the microsecond range. In particular, the two-photon-excited luminescence of thermally altered bones was imaged. A strong dependence of the phosphorescence intensity on exposure temperature, with a maximum emission for an exposure temperature of approximately 600 °C was observed. Furthermore, the phosphorescence lifetime data indicated a bi-exponential signal decay with both a faster few µs decay time in the range of 3–10 µs and a slower one in the range of 30–60 µs. The recording of fluorescence and phosphorescence allowed deriving the relative signal proportion as an unbiased measure of the temperature dependence. The measurements on thermally altered bones are of particular interest for application to forensic and archeological investigations.
- Subjects
PHOSPHORESCENCE; PHOTON counting; FEMTOSECOND pulses; PHOSPHORESCENCE spectroscopy; EMISSION exposure; BIOLOGICAL specimens; BIOFLUORESCENCE; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
- Publication
Applied Sciences (2076-3417), 2022, Vol 12, Issue 3, p1066
- ISSN
2076-3417
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/app12031066