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- Title
Examining Biomarker Levels in Patients Diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis.
- Authors
Acır, İbrahim; Yılmaz, Abbas Musa; Güngör, Alperen; Çevik, Yusuf; Polat, Esra Derya Dinç; Yayla, Vildan
- Abstract
Objective: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation, demyelination, and axonal damage in the central nervous system. Oligoclonal bands (OCBs) composed of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are a key diagnostic marker for MS, indicating intrathecal IgG synthesis. Recent research has emphasized the importance of distinguishing between kappa and lambda light chains in understanding the clinical implications of OCBs in MS. This study aimed to explore the relationship between kappa light chain and clinical findings, considering the presence and type of OCBs in MS. Methods: A total of 72 MS patients were included, and their demographic characteristics, laboratory results, CSF analysis, and cranial/spinal magnetic resonance imaging findings were recorded. Blood samples were collected for kappa light chain analysis. The presence of spinal lesions, kappa light chain level, Expanded Disability Status scale (EDSS) score, and IgG index were compared among patients based on OCB positivity type. Results: The mean age of 72 MS patients was 38.6±10.2 spinal lesions were in 41 patients. The free kappa LC level was calculated as 15.2 mg/L (8.8-48.6), and the serum kappa LC level was 2.8 mg/L (1.5-7.3). No significant relationship was observed between free and serum kappa light chain levels, IgG index, EDSS score, spinal lesion count, and total lesion count in patients with OCB types 1 and 2. In addition, subgroup analysis among patients with OCB type 2 revealed no significant relationship. Conclusion: In this study, no relationship was found between the EDSS score and free kappa light chain. Although other studies have shown a correlation between the number of spinal lesions and kappa light chain levels, no such correlation was observed in this study. Understanding the specific role of the kappa light chain in MS can provide insights into disease severity, clinical subtypes, and treatment response. Such knowledge can contribute to personalized treatment approaches and improved prognosis for MS patients.
- Subjects
MULTIPLE sclerosis diagnosis; BIOMARKERS; MULTIPLE sclerosis; IMMUNOGLOBULINS; MAGNETIC resonance imaging; BLOOD collection; INDIVIDUALIZED medicine; DESCRIPTIVE statistics
- Publication
Medical Journal of Bakirkoy, 2023, Vol 19, Issue 3, p283
- ISSN
1305-9319
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.4274/BMJ.galenos.2023.2023.6-2