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- Title
West Nile Virus.
- Authors
Petersen, Lyle R.; Marfin, Anthony A.; Gubler, Duane J.
- Abstract
West Nile Virus (WNV) emerged from relative obscurity in 1999, when it appeared in the New York City area and caused seven deaths. By 2002 WNV spread westward to the Pacific Coast and caused the largest outbreak of arboviral meningoencephalitis outbreak ever recorded in North America. Two lineages of WNV exist, but only the viruses belonging to lineage one are associated with human disease. The virus is maintained in a bird-mosquito-bird cycle. Significant avian mortality from WNV was reported only in the United States, Canada, and Israel. Nearly all human infections with WNV result from mosquito bites. Most individuals infected with WNV remain asymptomatic. West Nile fever is a mild illness. Descriptions of neurologic manifestations of WNV include severe weakness, movement disorders, cranial nerve abnormalities, optic neuritis, and seizures. Diagnosis should be made with serologic methods to detect IgM antibody. Treatment of WNV infection is supportive.
- Subjects
WEST Nile virus; ETIOLOGY of diseases; MENINGOENCEPHALITIS; IMMUNOGLOBULIN M; OPTIC neuritis; WEST Nile fever
- Publication
JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Association, 2003, Vol 290, Issue 4, p524
- ISSN
0098-7484
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1001/jama.290.4.524