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- Title
Effect of sub-inhibitory concentrations of cefepime on biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
- Authors
Hagras, Soheir A.A.; Hosny, Alaa El-Dien M.S.; Helmy, Omneya M.; Salem-Bekhit, Mounir M.; Shakeel, Faiyaz; Farrag, Hala A.
- Abstract
This study investigated the effect of cefepime at sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) on in vitro biofilm formation (BF) by clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The effect of cefepime at sub-MIC levels (½–1/256 MIC) on in vitro BF by six clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa was phenotypically assessed following 24 and 48 h of challenge using the tissue culture plate (TCP) assay. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was employed to observe the change in expression of three biofilm-related genes, namely, a protease-encoding gene (lasA), fimbrial protein-encoding gene (cupA1), and alginate-encoding gene (algC), in a weak biofilm-producing strain of P. aeruginosa following 24 and 48 h of challenge with sub-MICs of cefepime. The BF morphology in response to cefepime was imaged using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The TCP assay showed strain-, time-, and concentration-dependent changes in in vitro BF in P. aeruginosa following challenge with sub-MICs of cefepime, with a profound increase in strains with inherently no or weak biofilm-producing ability. RT-PCR revealed time-dependent upregulation in the expression of the investigated genes following challenge with ½ and ¼ MIC levels, as confirmed by SEM. Cefepime at sub-MICs could upregulate the expression of BF-related genes and enhance BF by P. aeruginosa clinical isolates.
- Subjects
CEFEPIME; PSEUDOMONAS aeruginosa; POLYMERASE chain reaction; BIOFILMS; SCANNING electron microscopy; TISSUE culture
- Publication
Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 2021, Vol 67, Issue 12, p894
- ISSN
0008-4166
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1139/cjm-2021-0229