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- Title
Leucine-rich glioma-inactivated protein 1 antibody-associated encephalitis in a 22-month-old girl: a case report.
- Authors
Zhao, JiaChang; Yu, XiaoMing; Qu, GuangLi; Wang, ShuQi; Wang, YanJun
- Abstract
Background: LGI-1 antibody-associated encephalitis is a type of autoimmune encephalitis with a lower prevalence than NMDAR antibody-associated encephalitis. LGI-1 antibody-associated encephalitis is the second most prevalent of all autoimmune encephalitides. LGI-1 antibodies interfere with the interactions of inter-synaptic proteins to produce clinical manifestations (N Engl J Med 378:840–851, 2018). Case presentation: Leucine-rich glioma-inactivated protein 1 (LGI-1) antibody-associated encephalitis is a subtype of autoimmune encephalitis with a low incidence. We report a case of a girl aged 22 months with convulsive seizures, psycho-behavioral abnormalities, sleep disorders, and limb tremors. This patient was diagnosed with LGI-1 antibody-associated encephalitis based on electroencephalography (EEG) examinations and autoimmune encephalitis antibody analyses. A combined therapy of anti-epileptic and immunosuppressant drugs was effective in controlling the patient's neurological symptoms. Conclusions: The incidence of LGI-1 antibody-associated encephalitis is low and it occurs mostly in middle-aged and elderly patients, although it occasionally occurs in pediatric patients. To the best of our knowledge, this report describes the youngest patient with LGI-1 antibody-associated encephalitis. Following timely diagnosis, administration of anti-epileptic and immunosuppressant therapy was remarkably effective.
- Subjects
ENCEPHALITIS; SEIZURES (Medicine); DRUG efficacy; CHILD patients; OLDER patients; EPILEPSY; PSYCHOGENIC nonepileptic seizures
- Publication
BMC Pediatrics, 2023, Vol 23, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
1471-2431
- Publication type
Case Study
- DOI
10.1186/s12887-023-04191-y