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- Title
High Atmospheric CO 2 Concentration Mitigates Drought Effects on Acanthostyles buniifolius an Important Grassland Weed in South America.
- Authors
Heck, Tamara; Fipke, Marcus Vinícius; Polito, Rubens Antonio; Souza, Gustavo Maia; Agostinetto, Dirceu; Nunes, Anderson Luis; Avila, Luis Antonio de
- Abstract
The differential growth and yield response of plant species to rising carbon dioxide concentrations and climatic change may alter species diversity within biomes. The Pampa Biome in South America is an important grassland biome of agronomic and environmental importance. Acanthostyles buniifolius (Chirca) is one of the most important weeds in natural pasture areas widely distributed in southern South America and can adversely affect livestock production. The current study was designed to identify possible responses of Chirca to CO2 concentration ([CO2]) and drought that would indicate higher adaptation and potential proliferation within the Pampa Biome. Chirca plants were cultivated at two CO2 concentrations (400 (a[CO2]) and 700 (e[CO2]) µmol mol−1) and two water conditions (under water restriction—15% of the pot capacity; and plants without water restriction—pot capacity). Besides growth parameters, we also determined water potential (ѱw), relative water contents (RWC), proline, glycine betaine, total soluble sugars, hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity, chlorophyll A and B, carotenoids and root dry mass (RDM). Plants exposed to e[CO2] are more efficient in water use and have a greater increase in root dry mass, enabling greater adaptation to climate-induced droughts. Among the biochemical changes observed in the plants under drought stress, the accumulation of proline, glycine betaine, and total soluble sugars were the most evident mechanisms allowing plants to tolerate drought stress by osmotic adjustment.
- Subjects
PAMPAS (Argentina); SOUTH America; ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide; DROUGHTS; HYDROGEN peroxide; DROUGHT management; GRASSLANDS; BETAINE; WATER restrictions; SUPEROXIDE dismutase
- Publication
Plants (2223-7747), 2022, Vol 11, Issue 17, p2270
- ISSN
2223-7747
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/plants11172270