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- Title
THE MARINE DINOFLAGELLATE <em>ALEXANDRIUM OSTENFELDII</em>: PARALYTIC SHELLFISH TOXIN CONCENTRATION, COMPOSITION, AND TOXICITY TO A TINTINNID CILIATE.
- Authors
Hansen, Per Juel; Cembella, Allan D.; Moestrup, Øjvind
- Abstract
The composition of paralytic shellfish toxins in the marine dinoflagellate Alexandrium ostenfeldii (Paulsen) Balech et Tangen grown in unialgal culture was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The toxin profile revealed that low-potency sulfamate toxin B[SUB2] was dominant (90 molar % of total toxins), but small amounts of the weakly toxic 21-N-sulfocarbomyl derivatives C[SUB1+2] and trace amounts of the carbamate toxins GTX[SUB2] and GTX[SUB3] were also present. The mammalian toxicity was confirmed by a modification of the conventional AOAC mouse bioassay (0.6-1.4pgSTX[SUBpq]·cell[SUP-1]. The acute toxicity to a potential predator, the tintinnid ciliate Favella ehrenbergi (Clap. Et Lach.) Jörg., was also investigated. The ciliate was able to graze on A. ostenfeldii when the cell concetration of the dinoflagellate was low (<2000 cells·mL[SUP-1]. At higher concentrations the ciliate was affected by exudates (presumably PSP toxins) that induced backward swimming followed by swelling and lysis of the cell. Flourescence microscopy of calcoflour-stained cells was employed as an easy and rapid method identify this and other thecate dinoflagellates.
- Subjects
SHELLFISH; TOXINS; LIQUID chromatography; TINTINNIDA; MAMMALS
- Publication
Journal of Phycology, 1992, Vol 28, Issue 5, p597
- ISSN
0022-3646
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/j.0022-3646.1992.00597.x