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- Title
The Effect of Nitric Oxide Pollution on Oxidative Stress in Pregnant Women Living in Durban, South Africa.
- Authors
Anderson, Samantha M.; Naidoo, Rajen N.; Ramkaran, Prithiksha; Phulukdaree, Alisa; Muttoo, Sheena; Asharam, Kareshma; Chuturgoon, Anil A.
- Abstract
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect nitric oxide (NO<italic>x</italic>) pollution had on maternal serum 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women living in Durban, South Africa (SA). Women, in their third trimester with singleton pregnancies, were recruited from the heavily industrialised south (<italic>n</italic> = 225) and less industrialised north (<italic>n</italic> = 152). Biomarker levels of serum 8-OHdG concentrations were analysed, and the women were genotyped for glutathione-S-transferases pi 1 (GSTP1) and glutathione-S-transferases mu 1 (GSTM1) polymorphisms. The level of NO<italic>x</italic> pollution in the two regions was determined by using land use regression modelling. The serum 8-OHdG was shown to correlate significantly with NO<italic>x</italic> levels; this relationship was strengthened in the south (<italic>p</italic> < 0.05). This relationship was still observed after adjusting for maternal characteristics. GSTP1 was significantly associated with the south region, where the variant (AG+GG) genotype was associated with increased 8-OHdG levels as a result of NO<italic>x</italic> exposure (<italic>p</italic> < 0.05). GSTM1 null genotype was associated with a positive correlation between NO<italic>x</italic> and 8-OHdG levels (<italic>p</italic> < 0.05). NO<italic>x</italic> levels were found marginally to reduce gestational age (<italic>p</italic> < 0.05) with mothers carrying male neonates. Variant GSTP1 and living in the north were factors that contributed to gestational age reduction (<italic>p</italic> < 0.05). Our study demonstrated that NO<italic>x</italic> exposure resulted in increased 8-OHdG levels in pregnant women living in Durban, SA, which led to gestational age reduction. The GSTP1 variant increased susceptibility of individuals to harmful effects of NO<italic>x</italic>.
- Subjects
SOUTH Africa; NITRIC oxide; MATERNAL health; PUBLIC health; DEOXYGUANOSINE; OXIDATIVE stress; PREVENTION
- Publication
Archives of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology, 2018, Vol 74, Issue 2, p228
- ISSN
0090-4341
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s00244-017-0465-y