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- Title
Entanglement-enhanced measurement of a completely unknown optical phase.
- Authors
Xiang, G. Y.; Higgins, B. L.; Berry, D. W.; Wiseman, H. M.; Pryde, G. J.
- Abstract
Precise interferometric measurement is vital to many scientific and technological applications. Using quantum entanglement allows interferometric sensitivity that surpasses the shot-noise limit (SNL). To date, experiments demonstrating entanglement-enhanced sub-SNL interferometry, and most theoretical treatments, have addressed the goal of increasing signal-to-noise ratios. This is suitable for phase-sensing-detecting small variations about an already known phase. However, it is not sufficient for ab initio phase-estimation-making a self-contained determination of a phase that is initially completely unknown within the interval [0, 2π). Both tasks are important, but not equivalent. To move from the sensing regime to the ab initio estimation regime requires a non-trivial phase-estimation algorithm. Here, we implement a 'bottom-up' approach, optimally utilizing the available entangled photon states, obtained by post-selection. This enables us to demonstrate sub-SNL ab initio estimation of an unknown phase by entanglement-enhanced optical interferometry.
- Subjects
INTERFEROMETRY; NOISE; PHOTONS; OPTICAL measurements; LIGHT
- Publication
Nature Photonics, 2011, Vol 5, Issue 1, p43
- ISSN
1749-4885
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1038/nphoton.2010.268