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- Title
β-Adrenergic Receptor Blockade Does Not Inhibit Cold-Induced Thermogenesis in Humans: Possible Involvement of Brown Adipose Tissue.
- Authors
Wijers, Sander L. J.; Schrauwen, Patrick; van Baak, Marleen A.; Saris, Wim H. M.; van Marken Lichtenbelt, Wouter D.
- Abstract
Context: Recently, brown adipose tissue (BAT) gained interest as a possible target for cold-induced thermogenesis, and therefore a target for treatment of obesity in adult humans. However, mitochondrial uncoupling takes place not only in BAT but also in skeletal muscle tissue. Both tissues may be involved in cold-induced thermogenesis, which is presumably regulated by the sympathetic nervous system. Objective: Here we studied whether blockade of β-adrenergic receptors using propranolol diminishes cold-induced thermogenesis and mitochondrial uncoupling in skeletal muscle tissue. Design: Ten lean subjects participated in this study and stayed twice (control and β-blockade using propranolol) for 84 h in a respiration chamber—the first 36 h for baseline measurements, followed by 48 h of mild cold exposure (16 C). Energy expenditure was measured continuously. After 36 and 84 h, muscle biopsies were taken in which mitochondrial uncoupling was studied. Results: Energy expenditure increased upon mild cold exposure (+5.0 ± 1.2 W; P < 0.005), i.e. cold-induced thermogenesis. However, contrary to our hypothesis, this cold-induced thermogenesis was not diminished after β-blockade (+4.7 ± 2.1 W for blockade vs. +5.1 ± 1.4 W for control; P = 0.59 for interaction cold blockade). Skeletal muscle mitochondrial uncoupling was significantly related to cold-induced thermogenesis in the control situation (R2 = 0.650; P < 0.01). There was no such relation during β-blockade. Conclusions: Our results suggest that skeletal muscle mitochondrial uncoupling may be involved in cold-induced thermogenesis and that this may be regulated by β2-receptors. When the β1- and β2-receptors are blocked, a β3-regulated process like mitochondrial uncoupling in BAT might take over the role of skeletal muscle mitochondrial uncoupling.
- Publication
Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2011, Vol 96, Issue 4, pE598
- ISSN
0021-972X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1210/jc.2010-1957