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- Title
Organic and Inorganic Selenium Compounds Affected Lipidomic Profile of Spleen of Lambs Fed with Diets Enriched in Carnosic Acid and Fish Oil.
- Authors
Białek, Małgorzata; Białek, Agnieszka; Wojtak, Wiktoria; Czauderna, Marian
- Abstract
Simple Summary: The spleen, traditionally associated with its role in immune surveillance and blood cell turnover, nowadays is known to be engaged in metabolic control processes, e.g., in the metabolism of lipids. While input of energy sources is essential during animal ratio' formulation, exploring the lipid composition of the spleen and its potential modulation by antioxidant supplements becomes particularly relevant. Our results may be practically applied in the food industry, as they may provide animal food, ensuring the nutritional requirements of especially poorly nourished consumers. Moreover, our findings could bridge the existing knowledge gap about the interplay of diet and lipid composition in the spleen. As this organ is considered to have an essential role in the development of atherosclerosis, obesity, nonalcoholic liver disease, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and fatty liver, understanding the function of this internal organ may be a starting point for developing efficient prevention strategies in order to counteract these disorders. The purpose of our study was to investigate the effect of 0.35 mg Se/kg basal diet (BD) (Se as sodium selenate (Se6) and yeast rich in seleno-methionine (SeYe)) and 0.1% carnosic acid (CA) supplementation to the diet containing 1% fish oil (F-O) and 2% rapeseed oil (R-O) on the contents of fatty acids (FA), malondialdehyde (MDA), tocopherols (Ts), and total cholesterol (TCh) in lambs' spleens. A total of 24 male lambs (4 groups per 6 animals) have been fed: the control diet—the basal diet (BD) enriched in F-O and R-O; the CA diet—BD enriched in F-O, R-O, and CA; the SeYeCA diet—BD enriched in F-O, R-O, CA, and SeYe; the Se6CA diet—BD enriched in F-O, R-O, CA, and Se6. Dietary modifications affected the profiles of saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA), and polyunsaturated (PUFA) fatty acids in spleens. The SeYeCA and Se6CA diets increased the docosapentaenoic acid preference in Δ4-desaturase; hence, a higher content of docosahexaenoic acid was found in the spleens of SeYe- or Se6-treated lambs than in spleens of animals receiving the CA and control diets. The SeYeCA and Se6CA diets increased the concentration ratio of n-3long-chain PUFA (n-3LPUFA) to FA (n-3LPUFA/FA) in spleens compared to the control and CA diets. The content of n-3PUFA was higher in the spleens of Se6 treated lambs than in spleens of animals receiving the SeYeCA, CA, and control diets. The Se6CA diet increased the content of c9t11CLA in the spleen compared to the control, CA, and SeYeCA diets. Experimental diets reduced the level of atherogenic FA, the content ratios of n-6PUFA/n-3PUFA and n-6LPUFA/n-3LPUFA, and improved the content ratio of MUFA/FA and the value of the hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic FA ratio in the spleen in comparison with the control diet. The experimental diets supplemented with SeYe or Se6 increased levels of TCh and Ts in spleens in comparison with the CA and control CA diets. The present studies documented that Se6, SeYe, and CA influenced the metabolism of FA, Ts, and cholesterol in spleens.
- Subjects
SELENOPROTEINS; ORGANOSELENIUM compounds; CARNOSIC acid; FISH oils; SPLEEN; RAPESEED oil
- Publication
Animals (2076-2615), 2024, Vol 14, Issue 1, p133
- ISSN
2076-2615
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/ani14010133