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- Title
ESTUDO ANATÔMICO DAS LESÕES DE ENDOCARDIOSE EM CÃES, PREVALÊNCIA E EPIDEMIOLOGIA.
- Authors
Hammarstrom Dobler, Guilherme; Scholl de Oliveira, Heitor; Richard Almeida, Maxwell
- Abstract
The heart is composed of two important atrio-ventricular valves, the tricuspid and the bicuspid or mitral valve. The heart valves ensure the direction of blood flow from the atria to the ventricles and from the ventricles to the arteries. Endocardiosis is a chronic progressive degenerative process of the valves that affects dogs in particular, called endocardiosis or "old dog's disease". Although any of the valves can be affected, it is the mitral valve that is usually involved, either alone or in combination with the tricuspid valve. Its prevalence has been associated with parameters such as age, sex, and breed, affecting especially adult animals of small breeds. The etiology of endocardiosis is unknown, but there appears to be a hereditary basis. The initial macroscopic lesions consist of small nodules on the free margins of the valve, becoming distorted and reduced in size, but significantly thickened and opaque, white or shiny in color. Microscopically, endocardiosis is seen as a degenerative process of the valvular tissue with a discrete infiltration of fibrous connective tissue. In early stages the disease presents, on auscultation, with low-intensity cardiac murmurs without signs of decompensation and is usually an incidental finding during routine clinical examination. The leaflets fuse at their insertion, but separate towards the center of the opening, fitting closely together when the valve closes, and their free edges are thick and irregular, especially during a late phase of life. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the main lesions, the epidemiology and the degree of prevalence of endocardiosis in dogs in the northwest region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, which was found that there are no frequent cases in the clinical routine of small animals of endocardiosis. It was not possible to verify whether there is a sex more predisposed to present endocardiosis. The lesions observed at macroscopy were referring to bright nodules, and at microscopy the presence of collagen causing thickening of the leaflet, besides inflammatory findings.
- Subjects
RIO Grande do Sul (Brazil : State); HEART valves; HEART murmurs; DOG diseases; ANIMAL breeds; CONNECTIVE tissues; TRICUSPID valve; MITRAL valve
- Publication
Arquivos de Ciências Veterinárias e Zoologia da Unipar, 2023, Vol 26, Issue 1, p74
- ISSN
1415-8167
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.25110/arqvet.v26i1cont-006